Figure 5.

Effects of herbal compounds to reduce mitochondria-mediated oxidative stress and ROS in liver disease. Alanine amino transferase (ALT), and high density amino transferase (AST), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), total cholesterol (TC), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The accumulation of TG and NEFA induces mitochondrial deformation and ROS, resulting in liver and hepatocyte damage caused to lipotoxicity and ER stress. Cinnamon improves insulin sensitivity, decreasing lipid and blood glucose. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), total cholesterol (TC), and TNF-α decreased by resveratrol. Curcumin reduced AST and ALT levels and liver lipid storage. ↑, up-regulation; ↓, down-regulation.