Table 2.
Characteristics of patients with S. aureus bacteraemia in the presence of prosthetic joint according to the presence or absence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI).
| Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No PJI (n = 97) |
PJI (n = 38) |
P | aOR (95% CI) |
P | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Male sex | 67 (69%) | 26 (68%) | 0.941 | ||
| Age (years) | 78 (69–84) | 71 (63–77) | 0.001 | ||
| Age < 70 years old | 27 (28%) | 19 (50%) | 0.025 | 9.39 (1.84–47.85) | 0.007 |
| Co-morbidities | |||||
| Arterial hypertension | 58 (59%) | 26 (68%) | 0.352 | ||
| Coronary disease | 27 (28%) | 5 (13%) | 0.071 | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 8 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.105 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 12 (12%) | 2 (5%) | 0.348 | ||
| Cirrhosis | 11 (11%) | 3 (8%) | 0.757 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 33 (34%) | 9 (24%) | 0.303 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease (moderate or severe) | 27 (28%) | 8 (21%) | 0.419 | ||
| Malignancy (solid organ or haematologic) | 21 (22%) | 2 (5%) | 0.023 | ||
| Obesity | 27 (28%) | 16 (42%) | 0.109 | ||
| Autoimmune disease | 15 (16%) | 7 (18%) | 0.676 | ||
| Immunosuppression | 21 (22%) | 4 (11%) | 0.217 | ||
| Setting of infection onset | |||||
| Community-acquired | 64 (66%) | 37 (97%) | <0.001 | 4.74 (1.61–14.01) | 0.005 |
| Nosocomial | 33 (34%) | 1 (3%) | |||
| Microbiological data | |||||
| Two or more blood cultures positive | 75 (77%) | 32 (84%) | 0.482 | ||
| Polymicrobial bacteraemia | 8 (8%) | 1 (3%) | 0.444 | ||
| Methicillin-resistance | 11 (11%) | 1 (3%) | 0.178 | ||
| Persistent bacteraemia (≥48 h) | 22 (23%) | 14 (37%) | 0.094 | ||
| Antibiotic treatment (upon bacteraemia onset) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - | ||
| Clinical presentation | |||||
| Temperature (°C) | 38.4 (38.0–39.0) | 38.6 (37.8–39.0) | 0.892 | ||
| Fever (temperature >38 °C) | 81 (84%) | 33 (87%) | 0.630 | ||
| Sepsis | 45 (46%) | 12 (32%) | 0.117 | ||
| Septic shock | 14 (14%) | 5 (13%) | 1.000 | ||
| SOFA score | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | 0.449 | ||
| Localization of prosthesis | |||||
| Hip | 68 (70%) | 19 (50%) | |||
| Knee | 42 (43%) | 25 (68%) | 0.020 1 | 3.00 (1.12–8.05) | 0.029 1 |
| Shoulder | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |||
| Multiple joint prosthesis | 44 (45%) | 29 (50%) | 0.624 | ||
| Months since implantation | 71 (37–139) | 103 (53–143) | 0.368 | ||
| Prior revision (more than 3 months before) | 9 (9%) | 12 (32%) | 0.003 | 3.59 (1.10–11.74) | 0.034 |
| Months since last revision | 71 (37–139) | 84 (19–122) | 0.845 | ||
| Laboratory data | |||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 229 (118–307) | 337 (243–388) | <0.001 | ||
| C-reactive protein ≥ 220 mg/L | 50 (52%) | 29 (76%) | 0.011 | ||
Data are depicted as number and percentage or median and Q1-3. 1 Knee arthroplasty compared to other sites (hip, shoulder); 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; aOR: adjusted odds ratio; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.