Table 3.
Beta-lactam antibiotics resistance genes of dairy origin reported by NARMS from 2014 to July 2022.
| Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Resistance Gene | Host Bacterium | State | The Proportion of Total Beta-Lactam ARGs of Dairy Source | Time (year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bla CTXM-27 | E. coli | WA, TX, OH and SD | 7.2% (7/97) | 2017, 2019 and 2021 |
| bla CTXM-55 | E. coli | TX, ND | 2.1% (2/97) | 2019 and 2020 |
| bla CXM-14 | E. coli | PA | 1% (1/97) | 2019 |
| bla CTXM-15 | E. coli | TX | 1% (1/97) | 2018 |
| bla CTXM-65 | E. coli | FL | 1% (1/97) | 2020 |
| bla TEM-1 | E. coli | TX, UT, WI, TN, WA, NY, OH, KS, MI, SD, CA, AZ, ID, PA and NE | 69.1% (67/97) | 2014–2020 |
| bla CMY-2 | E. coli | SD, MD, CA, PA, MI, ID, WA and WI | 14.4% (14/97) | 2018 |
| bla AmpC | E. coli | WI | 3.2% (1/31) | 2018 |
| bla OXA-2 | E. coli | MI | 1/97 | 2019 |
| bla CARB-2 | E. coli | CA | 1/97 | 2018 |
| bla SHV-12 | Salmonella | CA | 1/95 | 2018 |
| bla CMY-2 | Salmonella | UT, WA, WI, CA, TX, ID, UT, CO, AZ, TN and SC | 72.6% (69/95) | 2015–2020 |
| bla TEM-1 | Salmonella | WI, ID, CA, SD, WA, TX, UT, RI, IA and GA | 22.11% (21/95) | 2015–2019 |
| bla CARB-2 | Salmonella | WA, CA | 4.21% (4/95) | 2014 and 2016 |
TX: Texas; UT: Utah; WI: Wisconsin; TN: Tennessee; WA: Washington; NY: New York; OH: Ohio; KS: Kansas; MI: Michigan; CA: California; AZ: Arizona; ID: Idaho; CO: Colorado; IA: Iowa; GA: Georgia; RI: Rhode Island; SC: South Carolina; SD: South Dakota; MD: Maryland; MI: Michigan; PA: Pennsylvania; and NE: Nebraska.