FIG 9.

Infection with PPRV upregulated STING in ATG5-deficient cells. (A) ATG5 silencing efficiency was verified by Western blotting. β-Tubulin was used as a loading control. (B) Western blot analysis of LC3, STING, cleaved ATF6, and MDA5 levels in PPRV-infected (MOI = 1) and uninfected ATG5 KD cells (48 hpi). β-Tubulin was used as a loading control. (C) Western blot analysis of PPRV N protein in PPRV-infected wild-type and ATG5 KD cells (MOI = 1, 48 hpi). (D) PPRV mRNA levels in PPRV-infected wild-type and ATG5 KD cells (MOI = 1, 48 hpi) were measured by qPCR. The data show the means ± SD (n = 3). *, P < 0.05. (E) Wild-type and ATG5 KD cells were infected with PPRV (MOI = 1), and virus titers were measured by TCID₅₀ (48 hpi). The data show the means ± SD (n = 3). *, P < 0.05.