Table 2.

Results of PCA of the EATS.

No.	Items	Factor Loading
1	Have you ever emailed longer than you expected?	0.605
2	Have you neglected to study because you spent a lot of time exchanging emails?	0.698
3	Do you ever choose to spend more time with the stimulus you get by email rather than making friends with your friends?	0.678
4	Do you ever make new acquaintances by email?	0.507
5	Have anyone around you complained about the time you spend exchanging emails?	0.607
6	Is the time spent on email negatively impacting school grades and study?	0.727
7	Do you want to check your email when you have other things to do?	0.593
8	Does email have a negative impact on study efficiency and outcomes?	0.745
9	When asked what you are doing by email, do you defend yourself or become secretive?	0.614
10	Do you ever try keeping real life problems out of your mind, thinking about having fun with email?	0.681
11	Are you conscious of yourself looking forward to the next email?	0.610
12	Do you ever feel anxious that life without email would be boring, empty, and dreadful?	0.597
13	If someone interrupts you while you are emailing, do you bluntly say back, scream, or get annoyed?	0.632
14	Can I get sleep deprived because I email at midnight?	0.674
15	Do you think about email when you are not emailing, or fantasize about emailing?	0.710
16	Do you make excuses for “only a few minutes left” when you are emailing?	0.707
17	Have you ever tried shortening your email time and failed?	0.676
18	Do you want to hide from people how long you have been emailing?	0.645
19	Have you ever opted to spend more time exchanging emails instead of going out with others?	0.626
20	If you don’t have a new email, you will feel depressed, in a bad mood, and frustrated, but have you ever experienced that you can get rid of it immediately by emailing?	0.602
Percentage of total variance explained		42.15