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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2022 Aug 11;28(8):1556–1568. doi: 10.1038/s41591-022-01923-y

Fig. 3 |. First and second-generation senolytic strategies.

Fig. 3 |

First-generation senolytics target different SCAPs, including tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs), growth factor receptors (GFRs), ephrin receptor B1 (EFNB1), SRC kinases, PI3K-AKT, HSP90, BCL-2 family members, caspase inhibition and p53 modulation14,54,57,86–88. High-throughput library screens and other approaches have informed second-generation senolytic strategies, including lysosomal and SA-β-gal-activated prodrugs and nanoparticles54,92,93,220, sodium–potassium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase)-dependent apoptosis194,221, SASP inhibition103–106 and immune-mediated clearance by CAR T cells, antibody–drug conjugates or vaccines62,96–99.