Table 2.

Effects of adipokines on autophagy in different cancer models. In several experimental models, it has been shown that the exogenous addition of adipokines induces autophagy and promotes cancer progression. Although adiponectin is found at low levels in an obese individual, it has been shown that exogenous adiponectin induces autophagy, which is a key mechanism for some antitumor effects induced by adiponectin.

Adipokines	Effect on Autophagy	Effect of Autophagy in Cancer	Experimental Model	Cancer Type	Reference
Leptin	Inductor	-	HeLa	Cervical	[143]
			HCT116	Colorectal
			U2OS	Osteosarcoma
Leptin and adipsin	Inductor	Protects against apoptosis	U266	Multiple Myeloma	[144]
			ARP-1
			Tumor xenograft
Leptin	Inductor	Maintains proliferation and prevents apoptosis	MCF-7	Breast	[145]
			HepG2	Hepatocellular carcinoma
			Tumor Xenograft
Leptin	Inductor	Promotes tumor growth and proliferation	MCF-7	Breast	[146]
			Tumor xenograft
Leptin	Inductor	Promotes proliferation, migration, and morphological change	MCF-7	Breast	[147]
Resistin	Inductor	Inhibits doxorubicin-induced apoptosis	MCF-7	Breast	[149]
Apelin	Inductor	Promote proliferation and cell migration	A549	Human lung adenocarcinoma	[90]
Adiponectin	Inductor	Increased proliferation in glucose-deprivedmedium	DLD-1	Human Colorectal	[150]
			HT-29	Mouse Colorectal
Adiponectin	Inductor	Adiponectin deficiency fails to induce autophagy, avoiding LDLR turnover and increasing tumor growth. Adiponectin treatment induces autophagy and rescues adiponectin deficiency effects.	Adiponectin deficient MMTV-PyMT mice and MDA-MB-231	Breast	[151]
Adiponectin	Inductor	Inhibits adiponectin- induced apoptosis	MCF-7	Breast	[152]
			HepG2	Hepatocellular carcinoma
Adiponectin	Inductor	Cytotoxic, contributes to cancer cell death and decreases tumor growth	MCF-7	Breast	[153]
			MDA-MB-231
			Tumor xenograft