| AA | African American |
| ALAN | artificial light at night |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| AR | androgen receptor |
| ARE | androgen response element |
| BMAL1 | brain and Muscle ARNT-Like |
| c-Myc | cellular Myc |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| CCGs | clock-controlled genes |
| CLOCK | circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput |
| CLU | Clusterin |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CRD | circadian rhythm disruptions |
| CRY | Cryptochrome |
| CSNK1E | casein kinase 1 isoform epsilon |
| GLUT/SLC2A | facilitative glucose transporters |
| GR | glucocorticoid receptor |
| HFD | high fat diet |
| HPA | hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal |
| IGF | insulin growth factor |
| LEDGF/p75 | lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75 |
| mCRPC | metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer |
| Mdm2 | mouse double minute 2 homolog |
| MT | Melatonin |
| MT1/2 | melatonin receptor ½ |
| NPAS2 | neuronal PAS domain protein 2 |
| PCa | prostate cancer |
| PER | Period |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors |
| PSA | prostate specific antigen |
| REV-ERBα (NR1D1) | nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 |
| RMR | resting metabolic rate |
| RORE | retinoid-related orphan receptors response elements |
| RORα | retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha |
| SCN | suprachiasmatic nucleus |
| SGK1 | serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 |
| SIRT1 | Sirtuin 1 |
| Trp53 | tumor protein p53 |
| TTFLs | transcriptional-translational feedback loops |
| 6-STM | 6-sulfaxoymelatonin |