Table 1.

Description of autophagy findings in different hematological malignancies.

Disease	Therapy	Effect on Autophagy	Organism/Cell Types	Reference
MM	Betulinic acid	Inhibition	MM cell lines	[88]
	Melphalan	Inhibition	MM cell lines and MM cells resistant to melphalan	[89]
	Metformin	Activation	MM cell lines	[91]
	NVP-BEZ235	Activation	MM cell lines	[92]
	Asiatoside	Activation	MM cells resistant to BTZ	[93]
	BTZ and HCQ	Activation	MM cell lines	[95]
	Carfilzomib + CQ/HCQ	Activation	MM cell lines	[96]
	ACY-121561	Inhibition	MM cell lines and ANBL-6 BTZ sensitive and resistant cells	[97]
CLL	MGCD0103	Inhibition	CLL cell lines	[103]
	Obotoclax	Activation	Human pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemic cell lines and fludarabine-resistant cells	[105]
	Venetoclax	Activation	CLL cell lines	[106]
	Flavopiridol	Activation	CLL cell lines	[106]
	Cyclophosphamide + flavopiridol + rituximab	Activation	CLL cell lines	[108]
	Dasatinib	Activation	CLL cell lines	[112]
	3-MA and CQ (Vorinostat)	Inhibition	Primary CLL cells	[115]
ALL	Resistance to Glucocorticoids	Inhibition	B-ALL cell lines	[120]
	Dexamethasone and MEK inhibitor	Activation	B-ALL cell lines	[122]
	BTZ (Resistance)	Inhibition	B-ALL cell lines	[124]
	L-Asparaginase	Inhibition	B-ALL cell lines	[125]
	20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2	Inhibition	B-ALL cell lines	[126]
	Thymosaponin A-III	Activation	T-ALL cell lines	[127]
	NVP-BKM120	Activation	T-ALL cell lines	[128]
	BTZ + Obotoclax	Inhibition	T-ALL cell lines	[129]
	Quinacrine	Inhibition	T-ALL cell lines	[130]
	Dihydroceramides C22:0 and C24:0	Inhibition	T-ALL cell lines	[131]
	3-MA	Inhibition	T-ALL cell lines	[131]
CML	3-MA and CQ	Inhibition	BCR-ABL+ cell lines	[135]
	Imatinib	Activation	BCR-ABL+ cell lines	[137]
	Ponatinib	Activation	BCR-ABL+ cell lines	[137]
	Nilotinib	Activation	BCR-ABL+ cell lines	[132]
	Dasatinib	Activation	BCR-ABL+ cell lines	[132]
	Ponatinib + HCQ	Inhibition	Primary CML cells	[138]
	Lys05	Inhibition	Primary CML cells	[139]
	PIK-III	Inhibition	Primary CML cells	[140]
	Diosgenin	Activation	CML cell lines	[140]
	20(S)-Ginsenoside rh2	Activation	K562 and U937 cells	[141]
AML	BTZ	Activation	FLT3-ITD	[146]
	shRNAs	Inhibition	AML cells (Murine model)	[147]
	Quizartinib	Inhibition	AML cells	[147]
	Trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy	Activation	AML cell lines	[149]
	Alkaloid matrine	Activation	AML cell lines	[150]
	Bafilomycin-A	Inhibition	AML cells	[151]
	Rapamycin	Activation	AML cells	[151]
	Typhaneoside (TYP)	Activation	AML cells	[152]
	Cytarabine	Activation	AML cells	[155]
	JL1037	Activation	AML cells	[156]
	JL1037 + CQ	Activation	AML cells	[156]
HL	CQ	Inhibition	Murine model/Myc-induced model of lymphoma	[161]
	ATG5 short hairpin RNA (shRNA)	Inhibition	Myc-induced model of lymphoma	[162]
	DPN	Activation	HL cells (in vitro)	[163]
	LBH589 (panobinostat)	Activation	HL cell lines	[164]
	Melatonin	Activation	HL cell lines	[165]
NHL, Burkitt’s lymphoma	Artesunate	Activation	Raji cells	[170]
	Ouabain	Activation	Raji cells	[172]
	chLym-1	Activation	Raji cells	[173]
	Rituximab–monomethyl auristatin E	Activation	NHL cells	[174]
	CQ	Inhibition	HL cell lines	[174]
	Phototherapy	Inhibition	Raji Cells	[175]
	3-MA	Inhibition	Raji Cells	[175]
	Valproic acid + temsirolimus	Activation	Murine xenograft model	[176]
	Vismodegib	Activation/Inhibition	Raji cells	[178]
NHL, mantle cell lymphoma	Everolimus	Inhibition	Clinical models of MCL	[182]
	FTY720 + milatuzumab	Inhibition	MCL cell lines	[183]
	BTZ	Inhibition	MCL cell lines and patient samples	[184]
	Temsirolimus	Activation	MCL cell lines	[185]
	Vorinostat	Activation	MCL cell lines	[185]
	Temsirolimus + vorinostat	Activation	MCL cell lines	[185]
NHL, primary effusion lymphoma	CQ	Inhibition	PEL cell lines	[188]
	AG490	Activation	PEL cells	[189]
	Quercetin	Activation	PEL cells	[190]
	BTZ	Activation	PEL cells	[191]
NHL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma	SIRT3 KO	Activation	DLBCL cells	[194]
	SIRT3	Inhibition	DLBCL cells	[194]
	ATG5 knockdown	Inhibition	DLBCL cells	[194]
	MALAT-1 (lncRNA)	Inhibition	DLBCL cells (Mice)	[195]
	CUL4B	Activation	JNK cells	[197]
NHL, follicular lymphoma	R-CHOP	Activation	FL cells	[199]
	R-bendamustine	Activation	FL cells	[199]
	Bafilomycin A	Inhibition	FL cells	[202]
NHL, T-cell lymphoma	miR-449	Inhibition	T-cell lymphoma	[205]
	Sinensetin	Inhibition	Jurkat cells	[207]
	BCYRN1	Activation	Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma cells	[208]
	Crizotinib and CQ	Activation	NHL cells	[210]
	Crizotinib	Activation		[210]
	Metformin	Activation		[211]
	Metformin + doxorubicin or temsirolimus	Activation	NHL cells	[211]
	Fenugreek extract	Activation	Jurkat cells	[212]

Abbreviations: MM, multiple myeloma; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; ALL, acute lymphocytic leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; HL, Hodgkin’s lymphoma; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; FLT3-ITD, FMS-type tyrosine kinase 3 gene and internal tandem duplication; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; PEL, primary effusion lymphoma; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma.