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. 2022 Oct 20;44(10):5086–5103. doi: 10.3390/cimb44100345

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of BA on pro-inflammatory mediator expression DSS-induced colitis. (A) Protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (P-STAT3, COX2, and iNOS) in mice colon from control, 2.5% DSS-treated, and 2.5% DSS with 250 mg/kg/day BA (BS:AC, 50:50) groups on 3 or 6 days. (B) The intensities of the bands in each panel were quantified for each group, and the values are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. The data were obtained from three mice from each group. (C,D) ELISA using either phosphorylated-NF-κB p65 or total-NF-κB p65 antibody was used to measure the ratio of phospho-NF-κB p65/total-NF-κB p65 in HT-29 and Caco2 cells (control, 2% DSS-treated, and 2% DSS-treated with 200 μg/mL BA (BS:AC, 50:50) for 24 h). The phosphorylation levels were normalized against the control group and presented as the % of control. Statistical differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test (n = 3 per group, n.s.: not significant; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 vs. CON; # p < 0.05, ### p < 0.001, #### p < 0.0001 vs. DSS).