Table 3.
Characteristics of the eligible studies.
| Authors (Refs.) | Female/Male | Sample Number | Average Age | Recruitment Time | Study Design | City/Country | Outcome Measures | Time Measures | Number of Multibracket Appliances | Number of Clear Aligners | Potential Biases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pango Madaraiga et al., 2020 | 20/20 | Total: 40 | Mean age FG: 20.6 Mean age CA: 34.7 |
Unknown | Prospective clinical study | Naples, Italy | PD PI BoP REC | T0 T3 |
20 | 20 | Without long-term assessment |
| Chhibber et al., 2017 | 30/41 | Total: 71 | Mean age 15.6 ± 4.3 | 2011–2014 | Randomized control trial | Connecticut, Australia | PI GI PerioBl | T0 T9 T18 |
44 22 ELB 22 SLB |
27 | Different periods of assessment (without short-term) |
| Levrini et al., 2015 | 52/25 | Total 77 (33: Control) | 16 to 30 years old Mean age: 24.3 |
Unknown | Prospective study | Varese, Italy | PI PD BoP Microbiological analysis |
T0 T1 T3 |
35 | 32 | Without long-term of assessment |
| Abbate et al., 2015 | Unknown | Total: 50 | 10 to 18 years old | 2012–2013 | Prospective study | Varese, Italy | PD PI BoP Microbiological analysis |
T0 T3 T6 T12 |
25 | 25 | Does not specify female/male ratio; different periods of assessment |
| Azaripour et al., 2015 | 73/27 | Total: 100 | 11 to 62 years old Mean age FG: 16.3 Mean age CA: 31.9 |
Unknown | Cross-sectional study | Gutenberg, Germany | GI SBI API MPI | T0 T12 |
50 | 50 | Different periods of assessment and indexes; without short-term assessment; included children |
| Miethke & Vogt, 2005 | 43/17 | Total: 60 | 18 to 51 years old Mean age: 30.1 |
2002–2003 | Clinical trial (Prospective cohort study) | Berlin, Germany | GI PBI PI SPD | T1 T2 T3 3/4 weeks intervals |
30 | 30 | Without long-term assessment |
| Miethke & Brauner, 2007 | Unknown | Total: 60 | 16 to 48 years old Mean age: 39.6 |
Feb and May of 2005 | Prospective study | Berlin, Germany | GI PBI PI SPD | T1 T2 T3 3/4 weeks intervals |
30 (lingual group) | 30 (control group from the previous study) | Does not specify female/male ratio; without long-term assessment |
| Issa et al., 2020 | 40/40 | Total:80 | Mean age CA: 26,85 Mean age FG: 27,05 |
2015–2016 | Cross-sectional study | China | PI GI GBI SBI PBI BPE BoP |
regular assessments unknown | 60 20 ELB 20 CCB 20 SLB |
20 | No deep information about time of assessment |