Table A1.
Studies on life education for young children.
| Author | Time/Serial | Paper Title | Theme | Study Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hsiau, K. [14] | 2002 (1) |
Research on children’s life education teaching and practice | Planting and raising activities for early childhood life education |
Planting and raising activities cultivate children’s attitude of respect for life |
| Huang, Y. C. [29] | 2004 (2) |
Action research of using picture books to facilitate life education in a kindergarten classroom | Application of picture books in life education |
Picture book curricula are suitable for children’s learning in life education |
| Chang, B. R. [54] | 2005 (3) |
Study of Froebel’s philosophy with a particular focus on life education in kindergartens |
Philosophy of early childhood life education |
Life education curricula in preschools teach children that nature and God connects all living things and provide children with opportunities to be close to nature |
| Pan, Y. C. [21] | (2006) (4) |
Multimedia teaching application in children’s life education about self-concept |
Multimedia teaching, concept mapping, and fables for early childhood life education |
Multimedia teaching materials for young children are a means through which relevant life themes for children can be communicated |
| Deng, W. H. [45] | (2006) (5) |
Study of teaching activities for early childhood life education |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
Multiple teaching methods can be used to cultivate children’s ability to observe, think, and interact with others and to improve behaviours related to care, gratitude, and repayment as well as attitudes of respect and courteousness |
| Pan, M. L. [46] | (2006) (6) |
Life education for pre-schoolers through exercise |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses | Experiential activities such as raising animals and caring for plants are effective activities for children’s life education |
| Hsu, Y. F., & Liu, C. H. [20] | (2006) (7) |
Outdoor teaching activities for young children’s life education | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses | The study results revealed that outdoor experiential activities are suitable for children’s learning in life education |
| Chen, H. M. [30] | 2006 (8) |
Reflections on a kindergarten teacher’s action research on children’s life education using picture books |
Application of picture books in life education |
Children’s life attitudes and behaviours are enhanced in terms of sharing, caring, and gratitude through picture book learning |
| Chang, J. L. [31] | 2007 (9) |
Research on the concept teaching of young children’s life education —Taking the application of picture books and extension activities as an example |
Application of picture books in life education |
Young children can learn to respect friends, cherish siblings, care for animals, appreciate life, and recognise the value of plants through picture book learning and extension activities |
| Chen, J. S. [55] | 2007 (10) |
Talking about life and death with a four-year-old: Seeking new avenues through dialogue | Philosophy of early childhood life education |
Dialogue between adults and children can be viewed as an educational process, encouraging young children to think about complex subjects |
| Wang, H. W. [15] | 2008 (11) |
Life symphony of the new century: Life education in a kindergarten based on the Montessori approach |
Interaction between teachers and students and teachers’ attitude towards life |
Early childhood life education is a process in which life affects life; as such, an adult’s life experience can influence a child’s life experience |
| Hsieh, M. C. [43] | 2008 (12) |
Study of immersive movie teaching, concept mapping, and experiential activity in children’s life education |
Multimedia teaching, concept mapping, and fables for early childhood life education |
The integration of film teaching, concept mapping, and experiential activities into young children’s life education enhances children’s understanding of love and care, their respect for themselves and others, and feelings of appreciation |
| Wu, A. F. [58] | 2008 (13) |
Action research on integrating nature experiences into early childhood life education—The case of Tayal children in Fushin Township | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
Integrating nature experiences in teaching improves preschool teachers’ curriculum design and awareness of environmental education |
| Liao, H. J. [47] | 2008 (14) |
Study of the effects of young children’s life education |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
Children exhibit positive self-development, a more loving attitude towards the environment and other living creatures, and a calmer attitude towards death following implementation of an immersive thematic curriculum |
| Yeh, Y. J. [38] | 2008 (15) |
Study of life exploration for kindergarten teachers through a growth group |
Interaction between teachers and students and teachers’ attitude towards life |
Preschool teachers leading a life exploration course as a group can enhance teachers’ implementation of life education. The teachers could face daily life more actively, practice more kindness when interacting with their young students, and gain a strong grasp of the teaching objectives and curriculum design |
| Chen, H. L. [18] | 2008 (16) |
Face up to the life education of young children—Applying birthday party activities | Interaction between teachers and students and teachers’ attitude towards life |
Implementing birthday activities for young children can assist preschool teachers in teaching young children about life meanings |
| Li, L. C. et al. [27] | (2010) (17) |
Study of life education using the life cycle of butterflies—The realisation of life education in kindergartens | Planting and raising activities for early childhood life education |
Teachers guide children to observe, take care of, and feed butterflies. The children’s ideas about life are developed by performing the activity themselves and interacting with the insects, thereby gaining an understanding of their responsibility to protect them |
| Wang, T. L. [39] | (2010) (18) |
Research on parental rearing attitudes towards preschool life education and the need for life education | Parental attitudes and teachers’ current implementation of life education | The more consistent the life education and parental attitudes, the greater the desire of parents for implementing life education for their preschool children |
| Wu, L. C. [48] | (2010) (19) |
Research on experiential activities in preschool life education in the Zhuzihu community in Yangmingshan | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
Children’s awareness and the practice of life education is improved, and the connection between children’s feelings and experiences is strengthened through experiential activities. These activities provide children with a deeper understanding of their living environment and enriched learning experiences |
| Wu, S. S., & Wei C. J. [16] | (2010) (20) |
Use of children’s picture books —Exploring the content and teaching targets of picture books in early childhood life education |
Application of picture books in life education |
Through an analysis of the content and teaching targets of eight early childhood life education picture books, in conjunction with the teaching experiences of early childhood life education educators, a more holistic method for promoting children’s development can be implemented |
| Chang, C. T. [56] | (2010) (21) |
Implementation of the ethics of care in life education: A case study of a preschool teacher | Philosophy of early childhood life education |
Modelling, dialogue, practice, and verification serve as a reference for life education |
| Li, M. C. [40] | (2011) (22) |
Study of life attitudes and implementation of life education for early childhood teachers |
Parental attitudes and teachers’ current implementation of life education |
When teachers’ attitude towards life is positive, they have strong feelings about love and care |
| Huang, B. Y., Wei, W. T., & Hung, C. L. [22] | (2011) (23) |
Analysis of preschool teachers’ attitudes towards life education and experimental research on the effects of life education | Interaction between teachers and students and teachers’ attitude towards life |
For life education, older teachers have more positive attitudes than younger teachers, married teachers have more positive attitudes than single teachers, and experienced teachers have more positive attitudes than inexperienced teachers |
| Fang, L. Y. [49] | (2012) (24) |
Action research on life education for early childhood—A case study of a nature-based experiential activity in a school |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
The implementation of nature-based experiential activities can enhance young children’s life attitudes in terms of respecting themselves, caring for others, and cherishing nature |
| Tai, L. H. [50] | (2012) (25) |
Action research on integrating experiential activities into life education in Zhishan Yan |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
The following methods are suggested for enhancing the life education of young children: (1) using picture books; (2) discussing life issues with children; (3) allowing children to appreciate life education videos; (4) employing nature as teaching material; (5) implementing animal raising activities; and (6) promoting children’s feelings of gratitude to others |
| Shih, Y. H. [50] | (2013) (26) |
Teaching and revitalising young children’s life education | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
Life education is essential for young children, and effective methods must be implemented to enhance life education |
| Wang, L. Y. [32] | (2013) (27) |
Action research on self-esteem courses in early childhood education implemented through an online picture book club | Application of picture books in life education | The People and Self life education picture book is the cornerstone of children’s self-esteem learning |
| Pan, T. H. [33] | (2013) (28) |
Collaborative action research on children’s life education through picture books | Application of picture books in life education | The ‘self–self relationship’ includes an understanding of the origin of life; (2) the ‘human–self relationship’ involves expressions of caring and love for one’s family members; and (3) the ‘environment–self relationship’ involves the attitude of respecting life and the establishment of the concept of environmental protection |
| Li, W. T. [34] | (2013) (29) |
Life education for young children through picture books |
Application of picture books in life education | The established database of 100 picture books for young children’s life education serves as a reference for preschool life education and can be used to elevate the quality of children’s life education |
| Yuan, P. Y. [35] | (2013) (30) |
Action research on the application of picture books in early childhood life education |
Application of picture books in life education | Picture books can be used to improve young children’s learning effectiveness and cognition in terms of respect and affirmation, loving and caring, acceptance and giving, and cherishing and gratitude picture books |
| Lai, Y. C. [36] | (2014) (31) |
Using picture books in young children’s life education—The example of Tainan | Application of picture books in life education | Teaching with life education picture books increases children’s self-confidence, courage, and adaptability and promotes positive life attitudes in terms of appreciating and cherishing material resources |
| Tsai, B. L. [41] | (2014) (32) |
Survey on the implementation of life education in kindergartens —An example from Yilan County |
Parental attitudes and teachers’ current implementation of life education | The five most common implementation methods of life education employed by preschool teachers are picture book teaching, opportunity education, narration, planting and raising, and parent –child education activities |
| Tang, Y. S. [44] | (2014) (33) |
Initial research on the application of Zhuang Zhou’s fables in the life education of preschool children | Multimedia teaching, concept mapping, and fables for early childhood life education |
Implementing Zhuangzi as a teaching aid in young children’s life education is feasible |
| Lu, Y. C. [51] | (2014) (34) |
Action research on the integration of the explorative experience of community activities into life education—An example of a kindergarten affiliated with a junior high school in Yingge District |
Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses | The incorporation of community tour experiential activities into the life education curriculum can encourage children to respect life and cherish natural resources, deepening their understanding of the environment in which they are growing up |
| Lee, L. F. [42] | (2015) (35) |
Study of parental attitudes towards and implementation of life education among young children in central Taiwan |
Parental attitudes and teachers’ current implementation of life education |
The attitudes of the parents of the young children towards children’s life education are positive, supportive, and agreeable. Children’s practice of life education can be promoted by their parents and embodied in children’s everyday life experience |
| Shih, Y. H., Chiang, Y. M., & Chen, P. Y. [25] | (2017) (36) |
Life education for young children: Reflections on its meaning, content, aim, and praxis |
Characteristics and content of young children’s life education |
The following are characteristics of young children’s life education: (1) diversity; (2) human nature as a whole; (3) individuality; and (4) positivity |
| Shih, Y. H. [52] | (2017) (37) |
Study of the practice of life education for infants (aged 0 to 3 years) | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses |
The following techniques are employed in infant life education: (1) encouraging embracing among the infants; (2) calmly accepting undisciplined behaviour; (3) encouraging and praising the children; (4) smiling at the children; (5) playing various games; (6) using appropriate body contact; and (7) introducing the infants to nature |
| Shih, Y. H., & Wu, P. F. [26] | (2018) (38) |
Let life tell stories: A study of the content of life education for young children |
Characteristics and content of young children’s life education |
Investigating the content of life education for young children involves detailing children’s understanding of life, the origin of life, and life care and assessing their development and practice |
| Chen et al. [58] | (2018) (39) |
Broadening the ideas of early childhood life education: Some implications from the educational viewpoint of Maria Montessori |
Philosophy of early childhood life education | Developing an educational environment of freedom in early childhood life education is crucial. Young children must enjoy a reasonable range of freedom in education to enable them to develop an independent personality |
| Chan, S. F. [53] | (2019) (40) |
Empirical study of integrating ecological awareness into the life education of preschool children | Implementation methods and effects of experiential activities in early childhood life education courses | The implementation of a life education course that is aligned with the goals of early childhood education can promote children’s respect for life |
| Wu, C. J. [28] | (2021) (41) |
Action research on early childhood life education through insect-themed teaching |
Planting and raising activities for early childhood life education |
Through an insect-themed course, children’s respect, love, and care for insects can be used to overcome any fear they may have towards insects |
| Fan, Y. H. [37] | (2021) (42) |
Action research on the application of picture book teaching in early childhood life education curriculum—Cultivating children’s love and respect |
Application of picture books in life education | Picture book teaching can cultivate preschool children’s love and respect for other people |