FIG 4.

Characterization of V. cholerae VarG. (A) In vitro GAPDH activity (OD₄₅₀) of purified V. cholerae VarG and the glycolytic Gap enzymes using P_i or As^V as the substrate. (B) β-galactosidase activity of strains in which the lacZ reporter gene is cloned under the control of the var operon and the gap gene promoters. Cultures were grown in LB medium in the absence or presence of 1 and 10 mM As^V for 5 h. (C) Intracellular As^V concentrations of WT, varG, varH, and arsJ mutant strains grown with 1 mM As^V by ICP-MS. (D) (Left) As^V detoxification model in P. aeruginosa DK2 (1). (Right) Quantification of 1As3PG and 3PG from intracellular and extracellular samples of V. cholerae cells grown with and without 1 mM As^V. Data are the mean of three biological replicates ± SEM.