Figure 2.

Cellular uptake and expression of LNP-encapsulated mRNA constructs. Constructs encoding antigenic/therapeutic proteins are encapsulated in LNP to prevent degradation and to promote cellular uptake: (a) Uptake of the mRNA-LNP complex is mediated by endocytosis; (b) mRNA constructs are released from the endosome into the cytosol where they are translated by ribosomes; (c) the antigenic/therapeutic proteins are produced; (d) The protein products are sequestered intracellularly, incorporated into cell membranes or secreted. Figure was created with biorender.com (accessed on 19 August 2022).