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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 26.
Published in final edited form as: Vaccine. 2021 Jul 3;40(Suppl 1):A38–A48. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.047

Table 6.

Misinformation, communications, and social mobilization of the human papillomavirus vaccination program—Responses from the health workers, school personnel, community leaders, and council leaders interviewed for the HPV vaccine program community awareness, feasibility, and acceptability surveys, Tanzania, October–November 2019.

Health Workers N = 165 School Personnel N = 135 Community Leaders N = 143 Council Leaders N = 18
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Have you heard any misinformation (e.g. rumors) regarding HPV vaccine?
Yes 89 (54) 77 (57) 61 (43) 11 (61)
No 76 (46) 58 (43) 82 (57) 7 (39)
What misinformation? 1,2
HPV vaccine will affect girl’s fertility 87 (98) 74 (96) 60 (98) 10 (91)
HPV vaccine will cause cervical cancer 10 (11) 5 (6) 4 (7) 0 (0)
HPV vaccine will cause severe side effects 3 (3) 1 (1) 2 (3) 1 (9)
HPV vaccine costs money 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
HPV vaccine is not safe 5 (6) 8 (10) 6 (10) 0 (0)
HPV vaccine will promote early sexual onset 3 (3) 1 (1) 0 (0) 0 (0)
HPV vaccine is experimental 2 (2) 7 (9) 0 (0) 1 (9)
Other 1 (1) 2 (3) 6 (10) 1 (9)
Overall, do you feel that you have sufficient supply of HPV vaccine social mobilization/communications materials?
Yes 36 (22) 11 (8) 20 (14) 10 (56)
No 129 (78) 124 (92) 123 (86) 8 (44)
What materials are insufficient? 1,3
Flyers/Leaflets 115 (89) 106 (85) 93 (76) 0 (0)
Factsheets 8 (6) 9 (7) 1 (1) 4 (50)
Posters 102 (79) 80 (65) 73 (59) 1 (13)
HPV vaccine introduction guidelines 5 (4) 4 (3) 6 (5) 0 (0)
Video clips 4 (3) 15 (12) 7 (6) 0 (0)
Other 20 (16) 20 (16) 39 (32) 3 (38)
1

Multiple responses allowed.

2

Only asked of those indicated they have heard misinformation regarding HPV vaccine (health workers: n = 89, school personnel: n = 77, community leaders: n = 61, council leaders: n = 11); write-in responses for “other” included that the HPV vaccine is part of a government plan to reduce the population and cervical cancer does not exist).

3

Only asked of those indicated they felt they do not have sufficient supply of social mobilization/communications materials (health workers: n = 129, school personnel: n = 124, community leaders: n = 123, community leaders: n = 8); write-in responses for “other” included general awareness raising and education, cultural dances, movies, and shows, books on cervical cancer, and the involvement of community political and religious leaders.