Table 3.
Antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic activity, and antidiabetic activity of unprocessed and extruded sesame seeds byproduct flour beverages, and commercial beverage.
| Feature | UB10 | EB10 | Commercial | Positive Control * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant activity (AA) | ||||
| ABTS | ||||
| (µmol TE/100 g dw) | 1668.61 ± 69.91 b | 2010.98 ± 57.85 a | 660.99 ± 15.89 c | |
| (µmol TE/100 mL beverage) | 208.57 ± 8.73 b | 251.30 ± 7.21 a | 120.00 ± 9.12 c | |
| IC50 (mg/mL extract) | 0.24 ± 0.02 b | 0.19 ± 0.01 c | 0.52 ± 0.02 a | 0.03 ± 0.00 |
| DPPH | ||||
| (µmol TE/100 g dw) | 744.92 ± 30.52 b | 1770.65 ± 37.73 a | 450.12 ± 12.77 c | |
| (µmol TE/100mL beverage) | 93.12 ± 3.81 b | 221.27 ± 4.68 a | 55.01 ± 5.28 c | |
| IC50 (mg/mL extract) | 0.31 ± 0.01 b | 0.21 ± 0.01 c | 0.92 ± 0.03 a | 0.02 ± 0.00 |
| Hypoglycemic activity | ||||
|
Inhibition of α-amylase IC50 (mg/mL extract) |
2.29 ± 0.03 b | 1.01 ± 0.01 c | 7.21 ± 0.15 a | 0.06 ± 0.00 |
| % of inhibition of/100 mL beverage | 52.32 ± 0.61 b | 95.75 ± 0.40 a | 12.13 ± 0.34 c | |
|
Inhibition of α-glucosidase IC50 (mg/mL extract) |
0.47 ± 0.01 b | 0.17 ± 0.01 c | 3.11 ± 0.21 a | 3.98 ± 0.09 |
| % of inhibition of/100 mL beverage | >100 | >100 | 28.20 ± 2.00 | |
| Antidiabetic activity | ||||
|
DPP4 inhibition IC50 (mg/mL extract) |
0.30 ± 0.01 b | 0.11 ± 0.01 c | 0.81 ± 0.01 a | 0.01 ± 0.00 |
| % of inhibition of/100 mL beverage | >100 | >100 | 81.25 ± 0.75 | |
UB10 = Unprocessed sesame seeds byproduct flour beverage−10%; EB10 = Extruded sesame seeds byproduct flour beverage−10%; TE: trolox equivalent. dw: dry weight. * Positive control IC50 values were expressed in mg of trolox/ml for ABTS and DPPH inhibition, mg of acarbose/ ml for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, and mg of sitagliptin/mL for DPP4 inhibition. Different letters in the same row indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the means according to Fisher’s test.