Table 5.
Alternative measures for robustness checks.
| Dependent Variables | LS | Workout | Time Watching TV and Movies | Weekly Family Dinner Together | Calling net-Friends | Meeting net-Friends | Becoming Friends in Reality | Reading | Interpersonal Trust |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Panel A | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) |
| Whether OSIs | 0.187 *** | 0.473 ** | −1.733 *** | 0.017 | 0.051 *** | 0.046 *** | 0.046 *** | 0.035 ** | 0.325 * |
| (0.052) | (0.187) | (0.574) | (0.085) | (0.006) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.015) | (0.173) | |
| Constant | 3.178 *** | 2.260 *** | 14.380 *** | 6.729 *** | −0.002 | −0.002 | 0.000 | 0.101 *** | 7.601 *** |
| (0.036) | (0.129) | (0.399) | (0.060) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.010) | (0.120) | |
| Observations | 15,386 | 15,382 | 15,359 | 14,380 | 15,389 | 15,389 | 15,389 | 15,386 | 15,274 |
| R-squared | 0.539 | 0.557 | 0.618 | 0.496 | 0.550 | 0.506 | 0.528 | 0.638 | 0.550 |
| Panel B | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) |
| Base Group: | Never Use | ||||||||
| 1. Once in several months | 0.276 | 0.435 | −0.858 | −0.052 | 0.040 | 0.039 * | 0.039 | 0.204 *** | 0.531 |
| (0.238) | (0.854) | (2.630) | (0.400) | (0.028) | (0.023) | (0.025) | (0.068) | (0.788) | |
| 2. Once a month | 0.253 | 0.206 | −2.397 | −0.007 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.036 | −0.043 | 0.200 |
| (0.242) | (0.869) | (2.678) | (0.397) | (0.028) | (0.023) | (0.025) | (0.069) | (0.803) | |
| 3. 2–3 times a month | 0.076 | 0.713 | −1.620 | 0.172 | 0.027 | 0.027 | 0.114 *** | 0.168 *** | −0.434 |
| (0.178) | (0.638) | (1.966) | (0.312) | (0.021) | (0.017) | (0.019) | (0.051) | (0.592) | |
| 4. 1–2 times a week | 0.168 | −0.035 | −1.948 * | −0.078 | 0.094 *** | 0.097 *** | 0.100 *** | −0.021 | 0.225 |
| (0.104) | (0.373) | (1.151) | (0.171) | (0.012) | (0.010) | (0.011) | (0.030) | (0.345) | |
| 5. 3–4 times a week | 0.164 | 0.457 | −1.116 | −0.185 | 0.105 *** | 0.078 *** | 0.081 *** | −0.051 * | 0.132 |
| (0.109) | (0.391) | (1.205) | (0.177) | (0.013) | (0.010) | (0.011) | (0.031) | (0.361) | |
| 6. OSIs everyday | 0.204 *** | 0.624 *** | −1.870 *** | 0.096 | 0.026 *** | 0.025 *** | 0.012 * | 0.058 *** | 0.498 ** |
| (0.064) | (0.230) | (0.708) | (0.105) | (0.007) | (0.006) | (0.007) | (0.018) | (0.213) | |
| Observations | 15,386 | 15,382 | 15,359 | 14,380 | 15,389 | 15,389 | 15,389 | 15,386 | 15,274 |
| R-squared | 0.539 | 0.557 | 0.618 | 0.496 | 0.553 | 0.509 | 0.532 | 0.639 | 0.550 |
Note: Robust standard errors are reported within paratheses. *** represent significance at 1% level; ** represent significance at 5% level; * represent significance at 10% level. All the remaining tables keep the same format and controls. Controls include marital status, social status, and health status.