Table 3.
Volatile organic compounds (relative percentage) in “Italiano Classico” and “Genovese” basil extracts obtained by different methods (C: ethanol; SC6: supercritical CO2 + 10% ethanol).
| “Italiano Classico” Basil | “Genovese” Basil | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extraction Methods | Extraction Methods | |||
| C | SC6 | C | SC6 | |
| Compound | ||||
| Σ Monoterpenes | 39.81 ± 1.30 a | 38.28 ± 1.54 a | 29.40 ± 1.45 c | 33.27 ± 1.06 b |
| Eucalyptol | 2.28 ± 0.36 b | 1.64 ± 0.75 b | 2.60 ± 0.18 b | 5.12 ± 1.81 a |
| Linalool | 31.51 ± 2.27 b | 35.08 ± 2.08 a | 23.29 ± 3.07 d | 27.17 ± 0.68 c |
| Bornyl acetate | 6.02 ± 0.62 a | 1.56 ± 0.52 bc | 3.51 ± 0.31 b | 0.98 ± 0.03 c |
| Monoterpenes ketones | ||||
| Camphor | 1.23 ± 0.02 a | 0.90 ± 0.07 a | 0.22 ± 0.08 c | 0.47 ± 0.01 b |
| Σ Monoterpenes alcohols | 1.75 ± 0.03 c | 1.58 ± 0.04 c | 4.95 ± 0.30 a | 1.97 ± 0.10 b |
| α-Terpineol | 0.77 ± 0.04 b | 0.87 ± 0.06 b | 2.16 ± 0.29 a | 0.93 ± 0.09 b |
| Borneol | 0.98 ± 0.03 b | 0.71 ± 0.05 c | 2.79 ± 0.38 a | 1.04 ± 0.25 b |
| Σ Sesquiterpenes | 27.16 ± 3.35 b | 32.76 ± 5.23 a | 23.77 ± 2.96 c | 32.67 ± 5.02 a |
| β -Elemene | 2.91 ± 0.40 b | 4.06 ± 0.11 a | 3.12 ± 0.41 b | 1.45 ± 0.33 c |
| α-Guaiene | 2.61 ± 0.38 a | 1.15 ± 0.27 b | 1.75 ± 0.19 ab | 0.88 ± 0.04 c |
| Trans-α-Bergamotene | 6.38 ± 0.43 d | 11.08 ± 0.81 b | 8.68 ± 0.82 c | 14.40 ± 1.20 a |
| α-Cadinene | 2.38 ± 0.19 a | 1.46 ± 0.20 b | 2.41 ± 0.12 a | 1.67 ± 0.40 b |
| α-Caryophyllene | 2.69 ± 0.26 a | 1.73 ± 0.15 ab | 1.26 ± 0.09 b | 1.79 ± 0.48 a,b |
| D-Germacrene | 0.97 ± 0.09 b | 1.03 ± 0.23 ab | 1.52 ± 0.26 a | 0.38 ± 0.02 c |
| β-Cubebene | 5.21 ± 0.56 a | 4.13 ± 1.29 a | 1.24 ± 0.14 b | 2.30 ± 1.19 b |
| α-Cubebene | nd | 0.92 ± 0.06 a | 0.34 ± 0.04 b | 0.10 ± 0.01 c |
| γ-Elemene | 1.30 ± 0.29 b | 2.09 ± 0.30 a | 0.46 ± 0.03 c | 0.55 ± 0.09 b,c |
| Valencene | 1.23 ± 0.25 ab | 1.52 ± 0.24 a | 0.48 ± 0.05 c | 1.01 ± 0.17 b |
| γ-Muurolene | 0.35 ± 0.08 c | 2.02 ± 0.60 a | 0.27 ± 0.04 c | 2.14 ± 0.42 b |
| δ-Cadinene | 0.54 ± 0.06 bc | 1.57 ± 0.37 a | 0.79 ± 0.09 b | nd |
| γ-Selinene | 0.59 ± 0.07 b | nd | 1.45 ± 0.22 a | nd |
| Allylbenzenes | ||||
| Eugenol | 27.27 ± 0.50 b | 25.42 ± 3.71 c | 38.92 ± 3.01 a | 35.78 ± 2.22 a |
| Alkylbenzenes | ||||
| Methyl-isoeugenol | 1.88 ± 0.10 b | 1.02 ± 0.14 b | 2.56 ± 0.76 a | 1.72 ± 0.38 ab |
| Σ Others | 0.90 ± 0.03 b | 0.04 ± 0.01 b | 0.18 ± 0.01 b | 0.12 ± 0.01 b |
a–d: different letters in the same row indicate statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). nd, not detected.