Table 1.

Components, functions and applications of banana stems and leaves.

Nutritional Composition	Function	Applications	References
Bio-oil	Heat generation by pyrolysis, reducing greenhouse gas emissions	Biochar, soil conditioners, ethanol, biogas	[12,21]
Minerals	Essential elements for human health	Making functional bread with probiotics, organic fertilizer	[16]
Fiber	Facilitates the digestion and absorption of many nutrients and prevents many diseases	Good nutritional quality and organoleptic acceptability when added to instant noodles, feed, clothing, paper, sanitary pads	[15,18,22,23]
Polyphenols and flavonoids	Strong resistance to oxidation	Gingival depigmenting agents	[19]