Figure 3.

Antimicrobial activity of polyphenol-rich cinnamon bark extract before and after in vitro digestion. The figure represents only the positive results of the AWDA conducted with the polyphenol-rich cinnamon bark extract and the in vitro digested polyphenol-rich cinnamon bark extract (after oral, gastric, and intestinal phases) at 2% w/v. The positive results are growth inhibition haloes, as depicted in the column “polyphenol-rich cinnamon extract 2%”, indicating the sensitivity of S. aureus and B. subtilis to the natural extract. “CTR-” is the negative control showing no inhibition halo; “digested polyphenol-rich cinnamon extract 2%” is the digested form of the extract, showing no inhibition halo.