. 2022 Oct 14;19(20):13280. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013280

Table 3.

Summary of studies investigating new-onset dyslipidaemia after COVID-19 recovery.

Reference	Country	Study Type	Sample Size	Follow-Up Timeframe	Results
Dennis A. et al. [17]	United Kingdom	Prospective, observational cohort study	201	Four months	30% (11 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 7.2% (12 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high triglycerides (p = 0.002); 60% (22 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 38% (61 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high triglycerides (p = 0.04); 57% (19 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 31% (20 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high LDL-C (p = 0.01).
Li G. et al. [18]	China	Retrospective cohort study	107	Six months	Total cholesterol [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.042 ADM 197.9 (53); Follow-up 203.4 (33.6). Severe/Critical p = 0.016 ADM 192.4 (70.3); Follow-up 203.2 (94.5). Triglycerides [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.001 ADM 165.5 (88.5); Follow-up 140.8 (69). Severe/Critical p = 0.376 ADM 141.7 (74.6); Follow-up 143.9 (89). HDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p= 0.297 ADM 52.9 (18.2); Follow-up 54.5 (16.6). Severe/Critical p = 0.042 ADM 50.3 (21.7); Follow-up 55.3 (19.7). LDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.048 ADM 96.1 (32.9); Follow-up 103.6 (47.2). Severe/Critical p = 0.003 ADM 100.5 (26); Follow-up 103.6 (25.5).
Gameil, M.A. et al. [16]	Egypt	Case-control study	120	Three months	Total cholesterol [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001 Cases 209.90 ± 32.04; Control 168.75 ± 33.22. Triglycerides [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001 Cases 214.54 ± 62.21; Control 132.21 ± 43.48. HDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.119 Cases 42.98 ± 8.98; Control 45.78 ± 13.14. LDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001 Cases 124.80 ± 30.06; Control 96.90 ± 30.83. VLDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001 Cases 42.50 ± 12.21; Control 26.90 ± 10.69.

Reference

Country

Study Type

Sample Size

Follow-Up Timeframe

Results

Dennis A. et al. [17]

United Kingdom

Prospective, observational cohort study

201

Four months

30% (11 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 7.2% (12 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high triglycerides (p = 0.002);
60% (22 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 38% (61 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high triglycerides (p = 0.04);
57% (19 of 38) prior hospitalised individuals vs. 31% (20 of 163) non-hospitalised individuals reported high LDL-C (p = 0.01).

Li G. et al. [18]

China

Retrospective cohort study

107

Six months

Total cholesterol [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.042

ADM 197.9 (53);
Follow-up 203.4 (33.6).

Severe/Critical p = 0.016

ADM 192.4 (70.3);
Follow-up 203.2 (94.5).

Triglycerides [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.001

ADM 165.5 (88.5);
Follow-up 140.8 (69).

Severe/Critical p = 0.376

ADM 141.7 (74.6);
Follow-up 143.9 (89).

HDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p= 0.297

ADM 52.9 (18.2);
Follow-up 54.5 (16.6).

Severe/Critical p = 0.042

ADM 50.3 (21.7);
Follow-up 55.3 (19.7).

LDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± (interquartile range)Mild p = 0.048

ADM 96.1 (32.9);
Follow-up 103.6 (47.2).

Severe/Critical p = 0.003

ADM 100.5 (26);
Follow-up 103.6 (25.5).

Gameil, M.A. et al. [16]

Egypt

Case-control study

120

Three months

Total cholesterol [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001

Cases 209.90 ± 32.04;
Control 168.75 ± 33.22.

Triglycerides [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001

Cases 214.54 ± 62.21;
Control 132.21 ± 43.48.

HDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.119

Cases 42.98 ± 8.98;
Control 45.78 ± 13.14.

LDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001

Cases 124.80 ± 30.06;
Control 96.90 ± 30.83.

VLDL-C [mg/dL] Mean ± SD p = 0.001

Cases 42.50 ± 12.21;
Control 26.90 ± 10.69.

ADM, admission; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SD, standard deviation; VLDL-C, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.