FIG 5.

DMS3_acrIF1 mitigates tissue injury and improve survival. HEK293T cells grown to subconfluence (1 × 10⁵ cells in a 96-well plate) were infected with PA154197 for 1 h (1 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, MOI = 10) and treated with 2 × 10⁵ PFU/mL DMS3_acrIF1 (MOI = 0.2). Cell viability (A) and toxicity (B) were measured by MTT and LDH assays in HEK293T. C57BL/6N mice (n = 10, both sexes) were anesthetized with ketamine (45 mg/kg), intranasally infected with 6 × 10⁶ CFU/25g clinically isolated MDR P. aeruginosa PA154197 for 2 h, and intraperitoneally injected with 1.2 × 10⁶ PFU/mL DMS3_acrIF1 (MOI = 0.2). Survival was monitored within 14 days postinfection and is represented by Kaplan-Meier survival curves (C). Bacterial burden (D) and histological analysis (E) were also measured. Data were presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM), determined from biological triplicates and analyzed via a one-way ANOVA compared against a control group (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001).