Figure 1.

Example response to systemic administration of taltirelin across sleep-wake states across experimental conditions on separate days in one male subject. The traces are superimposed from the same rat in three of the different conditions for ease of comparison. Superimposition of the tongue electromyogram (EMG) traces with taltirelin (1 mg/kg) with and without trazodone, and vehicle controls, illustrates the increased tongue muscle activity in the presence of taltirelin that is most notable in non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep (A) versus wakefulness (B). The electroencephalogram (EEG) traces are also superimposed to show the suppression of high-voltage slow-wave EEG activity in the presence of taltirelin during non-REM sleep. MTA, moving time average. See text for further details.