Table 5.
The proportion of women aged 20–24 years who were married or in union before age 15 years by socioeconomic status (SES), association between early marriage and socioeconomic status, and effect of each SES as illustrated by the PAF and different pseudo-R-squared values.
| Category | Non-Early Marriage (0) |
Early Marriage (1) | Chi2 (p Value) | Univariate | Multivariate | Population Attributable Fraction: PAF | Different Pseudo R2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (Column%) | No. (Column%) | No. (Column%) | OR (95%CI) | p Value | AOR (95%CI) | p Value | ||||
| Poverty status (n = 2953) | <0.001 * | 0.772 | ||||||||
| Poorest (a): 648 (21.94%) | 581 (21.12%) | 67 (33.33%) | 26.70 (<0.001) * a differs from e ** |
Reference | Reference | 0.0020 | ||||
| Poor (b): 692 (23.43%) | 649 (23.58%) | 43 (21.39%) | 0.57 (0.38, 0.85) | 0.006 * | 0.94 (0.54, 1.62) | 0.817 | 0.0181 | |||
| Middle (c): 662 (22.42%) | 616 (22.38%) | 46 (22.89%) | 0.64 (0.43, 0.95) | 0.030 * | 1.02 (0.57, 1.84) | 0.947 | ||||
| Rich (d): 591 (20.02%) | 553 (20.09%) | 38 (18.91%) | 0.59 (0.39, 0.90) | 0.014 * | 1.31 (0.71, 2.42) | 0.393 | ||||
| Richest (e): 360 (12.19%) | 353 (12.83%) | 7 (3.48%) | 0.17 (0.07, 0.37) | <0.001 * | 0.77 (0.28, 2.09) | 0.605 | ||||
| Residential area (n = 2953) | ||||||||||
| Urban (municipal): 1171 (39.65%) | 1088 (39.53%) | 83 (41.29%) | 0.24 (0.623) |
Reference | 0.1375 | 0.0033 | ||||
| Rural (non-municipal): 1782 (60.35%) | 1664 (60.47%) | 118 (58.71%) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.24) | 0.623 | Reference | |||||
| Residential region (n = 2953) | <0.001 * | 0.022 * | ||||||||
| Bangkok (a): 296 (10.02%) | 281 (10.21%) | 15 (7.46%) | 20.83 (<0.001) * b differs from e ** |
Reference | Reference | 0.0187 | ||||
| Central (b): 848 (28.72%) | 766 (27.83%) | 82 (40.80%) | 2.00 (1.13, 3.53) | 0.016 * | 1.72 (0.80, 3.70) | 0.163 | 0.2143 | |||
| Northern (c): 421 (14.26%) | 389 (14.14%) | 32 (15.92%) | 1.54 (0.81, 2.89) | 0.180 | 1.62 (0.68, 3.87) | 0.273 | ||||
| Northeastern (d): 711 (24.08%) | 667 (24.24%) | 44 (21.89%) | 1.23 (0.67, 2.25) | 0.491 | 0.74 (0.32, 1.73) | 0.489 | ||||
| Southern (e): 677 (22.93%) | 649 (23.58%) | 28 (13.93%) | 0.80 (0.42, 1.53) | 0.516 | 0.84 (0.33, 2.14) | 0.719 | ||||
| Household leader’s language (n = 2953) | ||||||||||
| Thai: 2538 (85.95%) | 2355 (85.57%) | 183 (91.04%) | 4.64 (0.031) * |
Reference | 0.4929 | 0.0045 | ||||
| Non-Thai: 415 (14.05%) | 397 (14.43%) | 18 (8.96%) | 0.58 (0.35, 0.95) | 0.033 * | 0.45 (0.21, 0.96) | 0.040 * | Reference | |||
| Household leader’s religion (n = 2953) | 0.118 | |||||||||
| Buddhism (a): 2511 (85.03%) | 2328 (84.59%) | 183 (91.04%) | 6.20 (0.102) |
Reference | Reference | 0.0004 | ||||
| Islam (b): 411 (13.92%) | 394 (14.32%) | 17 (8.46%) | 0.54 (0.33, 0.91) | 0.021 | 0.0009 | |||||
| Christianity (c): 29 (0.98%) | 28 (1.02%) | 1 (0.50%) | 0.45 (0.06, 3.35) | 0.440 | ||||||
| Others (d): 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||||||||
| No religion (e): 2 (0.07%) | 2 (0.07%) | 0 (0.00%) | ||||||||
| Household leader’s education (n = 2949) | 0.085 | |||||||||
| Kindergarten or none (a): 186 (6.31%) | 173 (6.30%) | 13 (6.47%) | 8.49 (0.075) |
Reference | Reference | 0.0018 | ||||
| Primary (b): 1676 (56.83%) | 1550 (56.40%) | 126 (62.69%) | 1.08 (0.59, 1.95) | 0.795 | 0.1320 | |||||
| Lower Secondary (c): 397 (13.46%) | 366 (13.31%) | 31 (15.42%) | 1.12 (0.57, 2.20) | 0.727 | ||||||
| Upper Secondary (d): 384 (13.02%) | 364 (13.25%) | 20 (9.95%) | 0.73 (0.35, 1.50) | 0.395 | ||||||
| Higher (e): 306 (10.38%) | 295 (10.74%) | 11 (5.47%) | 0.49 (0.21, 1.13) | 0.096 | ||||||
| Education of Adolescent Mother (n = 2952) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | ||||||||
| Kindergarten or none (a): 52 (1.76%) | 46 (1.67%) | 6 (2.99%) | 143.16 (<0.001) * d differs from b,c and e differs from b,c,d ** |
Reference | 0.0251 | 0.0661 | ||||
| Primary (b): 235 (7.96%) | 194 (7.05%) | 41 (20.40%) | 1.62 (0.64, 4.04) | 0.301 | 0.84 (0.23, 3.07) | 0.792 | Reference | |||
| Lower Secondary (c): 780 (26.42%) | 681 (24.75%) | 99 (49.25%) | 1.11 (0.46, 2.67) | 0.808 | 0.43 (0.12, 1.57) | 0.203 | ||||
| Upper Secondary (d): 1000 (33.88%) | 952 (34.61%) | 48 (23.88%) | 0.38 (0.15, 0.94) | 0.038 * | 0.21 (0.06, 0.78) | 0.019 * | ||||
| Higher (e): 885 (29.98%) | 878 (31.92%) | 7 (3.48%) | 0.06 (0.01, 0.18) | <0.001 * | 0.02 (0.00, 0.12) | <0.001 * | ||||
Different pseudo R2: comparison of the full model (pseudo R2 = 0.1762) and the full model without an interesting factor; the full model adjusted for household poverty, residential area and region, HOH language, HOH religion, HOH education, education of the mother, parity, number of household members, number of children and adolescents in the household; * statistically significant at alpha = 0.05; ** statistically significant at Bonferroni correction alpha = 0.0005.