Table 1.
Average monthly hospital visits in within-county areas for rural residents, shown as mean (SD).
| Implementation Period | Control Period | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-COVID (a) | COVID-Impacted (b) | Change 1 (%): (b − a)/a |
Equivalent Pre-COVID (c) | Equivalent COVID-Impacted (d) | Change 2 (%): (d − c)/c |
|
| Overall | 3599 (171) | 2657 (339) | −26.18 | 2677 (245) | 3156 (328) | 17.89 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 1767 (125) | 1363 (201) | −22.90 | 1164 (131) | 1474 (167) | 26.64 |
| Male | 1832 (60) | 1294 (147) | −29.35 | 1514 (134) | 1682 (170) | 11.16 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 0–14 | 471 (67) | 222 (69) | −52.82 | 368 (81) | 421 (84) | 14.62 |
| 15–44 | 816 (57) | 629 (67) | −22.92 | 805 (84) | 812 (83) | 0.84 |
| 45–59 | 565 (30) | 402 (55) | −28.75 | 345 (46) | 449 (66) | 30.40 |
| ≥60 | 1747 (109) | 1403 (212) | −19.70 | 1160 (142) | 1474 (184) | 27.04 |
| Hospital levels | ||||||
| Primary healthcare facilities | 1035 (90) | 778 (224) | −24.88 | 844 (115) | 1030 (137) | 22.00 |
| Secondary hospitals | 2564 (136) | 1879 (269) | −26.71 | 1833 (159) | 2127 (223) | 16.00 |
| Tertiary hospitals | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Disease classification (ICD–10 code) | ||||||
| A00–B99 | 114 (30) | 67 (24) | −41.14 | 81 (24) | 92 (26) | 14.16 |
| C00–D48 | 169 (17) | 147 (23) | −13.01 | 94 (15) | 120 (19) | 27.78 |
| D50–D89 | 53 (8) | 45 (9) | −15.77 | 17 (4) | 48 (9) | 177.87 |
| E00–E90 | 104 (16) | 88 (25) | −15.36 | 30 (7) | 77 (19) | 160.22 |
| F00–F99 | 11 (2) | 8 (3) | −33.63 | 4 (2) | 7 (3) | 73.21 |
| G00–G99 | 151 (21) | 115 (24) | −23.95 | 37 (9) | 98 (21) | 165.86 |
| H00–H59 | 75 (10) | 62 (21) | −17.08 | 76 (27) | 70 (27) | −7.28 |
| H60–H95 | 15 (5) | 9 (3) | −40.72 | 16 (6) | 16 (4) | 0.53 |
| I00–I99 | 776 (53) | 606 (76) | −21.96 | 514 (65) | 683 (104) | 32.81 |
| J00–J99 | 698 (114) | 341 (102) | −51.20 | 500 (114) | 587 (115) | 17.46 |
| K00–K93 | 359 (44) | 199 (25) | −44.65 | 230 (43) | 352 (35) | 53.12 |
| L00–L99 | 43 (10) | 39 (13) | −10.14 | 25 (9) | 31 (8) | 24.14 |
| M00–M99 | 226 (27) | 153 (32) | −32.09 | 173 (27) | 192 (30) | 11.22 |
| N00–N99 | 209 (20) | 165 (22) | −21.34 | 103 (16) | 161 (39) | 56.32 |
| O00–O99 | 287 (32) | 243 (76) | −15.39 | 465 (77) | 322 (33) | −30.80 |
| P00–P96 | 50 (10) | 135 (73) | 171.26 | 53 (13) | 51 (9) | −4.14 |
| Q00–Q99 | 11 (2) | 11 (4) | 1.08 | 4 (2) | 8 (2) | 120.08 |
| R00–R99 | 46 (11) | 37 (7) | −21.18 | 100 (28) | 56 (12) | −43.97 |
| S00–T98 | 154 (13) | 137 (21) | −11.34 | 94 (18) | 126 (17) | 34.68 |
| Z00–Z99 | 39 (7) | 41 (7) | 5.96 | 33 (7) | 47 (15) | 40.49 |
| Not applicable | 9 (4) | 12 (6) | 32.31 | 31 (11) | 13 (7) | −56.21 |
Implementation period: period from April 2019 to March 2021; control period: period from April 2017 to March 2019; pre-COVID period: period from April 2019 to January 2020; COVID-impacted period: period form February 2020 to March 2021; equivalent pre-COVID period: period from April 2017 to January 2018; equivalent COVID-impacted period: period from February 2018 to March 2019; A00–B99: certain infectious and parasitic diseases; C00–D48: neoplasms; D50–D89: diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism; E00–E90: endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases; F00–F99: mental and behavioral disorders; G00–G99: diseases of the nervous system; H00–H59: diseases of the eye and adnexa; H60–H95: diseases of the ear and mastoid process; I00–I99: diseases of the circulatory system; J00–J99: diseases of the respiratory system; K00–K93: diseases of the digestive system; L00–L99: diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; M00–M99: diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue; N00–N99: diseases of the genitourinary system; O00–O99: pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium; P00–P96: certain conditions originating in the perinatal period; Q00–Q99: congenital malformation deformations and chromosomal abnormality; R00–R99: symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified; S00–T98: injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes; Z00–Z99: factors influencing health status and contact with health services; not applicable: not classified.