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. 2022 Oct 14;23(20):12286. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012286

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Increased placental cholesterol export in GDM. (A) Neutral CE hydrolase activity and (B) acid TG hydrolase activity in placentae of chow, HF/HCD w/o GDM, and HF/HCD GDM dams (n = 4–5). Gene expression levels of (C) lysosomal, (D) cholesterol export- and synthesis-related genes, and (E) lipid-metabolism-related genes in placentae of these mice (n = 4). Data represent mean + SD and were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. * p < 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, indicating the comparison to the chow condition and ^# p < 0.05 the comparison between HF/HCD w/o GDM and HF/HCD GDM.