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. 2022 Oct 18;19(20):13485. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013485

Table 3.

Health Behaviors and Well-Being Outcomes across the Study Sample 1.

CA/Bay Area (n = 6442) Hangzhou (n = 10,268) New Taipei City (n = 3033)
Variables Mean sd n Missing % missing Mean sd n Missing % Missing Mean sd n Missing % Missing
Contemplative Practice Behavior (CPB) 8.20 3.72 100 1.55 8.90 2.95 361 3.50 9.20 3.21 3 0.10

  • Embodied Mindfulness

 2.20 1.17 68 1.06 2.30 1.02 360 3.50 2.60 0.94 1 0.03

  • Non-Reactive Mindfulness

 1.80 1.21 70 1.09 1.90 0.99 361 3.50 2.10 1.05 0 0.00

  • Self-Compassion

 1.90 1.08 66 1.02 2.30 0.90 360 3.50 2.20 0.98 1 0.03

  • Compassion toward Others

 2.40 1.06 69 1.07 2.30 0.91 360 3.50 2.30 0.93 1 0.03
  Physical activity (L-Cat) 3.50 1.45 92 1.43 2.60 1.23 60 1.98
  Physical activity (IPAQ) 2 6.10 4.26 1201 11.70
   WELL overall score 59.10 11.96 147 2.28 55.90 9.16 360 3.50 55.30 11.03 10 0.33
Domain-specific scores

  • Experience of emotions

 5.90 1.58 36 0.56 6.70 1.11 354 3.40 6.50 1.35 5 0.17

  • Exploration and creativity

 6.90 2.23 71 1.10 5.00 2.29 360 3.50 5.30 2.32 1 0.03

  • Financial security and satisfaction

 7.70 2.62 75 1.16 7.00 2.39 360 3.50 6.40 2.61 0 0.00

  • Physical health

 6.80 1.61 27 0.42 6.20 1.55 332 3.20 6.10 1.58 0 0.00

  • Purpose and meaning

 6.80 2.15 88 1.37 6.30 1.81 360 3.50 5.90 2.23 1 0.03

  • Spirituality and religiosity

 4.70 3.58 57 0.88 3.70 3.04 358 3.50 4.70 2.82 0 0.00

  • Social connectedness

 6.70 1.67 41 0.64 7.30 1.21 354 3.40 7.00 1.44 1 0.03

  • Stress and resilience

 6.30 1.50 35 0.54 6.60 1.34 350 3.40 6.30 1.49 5 0.17

  • Sense of self

 7.30 1.89 51 0.79 7.20 1.51 358 3.50 7.20 1.84 1 0.03

1 Numbers reported are from pre-imputation datasets and are unadjusted for demographic covariates; 2 A different physical activity measure was used for the Hangzhou cohort (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) than for the CA/Bay Area and New Taipei City cohorts (L-Cat 2.2, score: 1–6).