Table 1.

Summary of current H₂S donors.

H2S Donors	Chemical Compound	Bioactivity	Drawbacks	Ref.
Inorganic salts	NaHS/CaS/NaS2	Anti-inflammation, cardioprotective effects, diabetes amelioration	Action time short, uncontrollable	[68]
Lawesson’s reagent	GYY4137	Anti-inflammation, vasodilation	Slow hydrolysis rate, metabolized to CO	[62,69]
DTTs	ADT-OH	Reducing cell viability	Poor selectivity	[70]
	DTT-NSAID	Anti-inflammation	Increasing arterial pressure	[71]
Derivatives of Allium sativum extracts	DATS/DADS	Regulating blood vessels	Poor water solubility, generating byproducts	[72]
	SPRC	Anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation	Unstable and short half-life.	[55,73]
Derivatives of thioamino acids	Thioglycine/Thiovaline	Vasodilation	Poor selectivity, slow release rate	[74]
Derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs	S-aspirin	Anti-inflammation, cardiovascular protection	Complications in the upper gastrointestinal tract	[71]
Derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs	S-diclofenac	Anti-inflammation, gastrointestinal protection	High cardiovascular risk	[75]
Derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs	ATB-429	Anti-inflammation	Increasing arterial pressure	[76]
Derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs	ATB-346	Anti-inflammation, antipyretic, analgesic	Increasing arterial pressure	[77]
Thiol-triggered donors	N-Benzoylthiobenzamides	Cardioprotection	Poor selectivity	[78]
Thiol-triggered donors	Acyl perthiols	Cardioprotection	Poor selectivity	[79]
Thiol-triggered donors	Dithioperoxyanhydrides	Vasodilation	Poor selectivity	[80]
Thiol-triggered donors	Arylthioamides	Vasodilation	Poor selectivity	[81]
Thiol-triggered donors	S-Aroylthiooximes	Anti-cancer proliferation	Poor selectivity	[82]
Photosensitive H2S Donor	Geminal-dithiols	Restores anti-microbial resistance	Poor selectivity	[83]
Photosensitive H2S Donor	Ketoprofenate photocages	Unknown		[84]
Photosensitive H2S Donor	α-Thioetherketones	Anti-inflammation	Poor selectivity	[85]
Enzyme-triggered H2S donor	BW-HP-101	Esterase triggered, anti-inflammation	Unknown	[86]
pH-triggered H2S donor	JK-1/JK-2	MI/R protection	Unknown	[87]
Dual COS/H2S donor	N-Thiocarboxyanhydrides	Angiogenesis	Unknown	[88]
Dual COS/H2S donor	Arylboronate thiocarbamates	Cardioprotection	Unknown	[89]
Dual COS/H2S donor	o-Nitrobenzyl thiocarbamates	Unknown	Unknown	[90]