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. 2022 Aug 16;10(5):e01472-22. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01472-22

TABLE 2.

Exploration of the performance of the FCOS in the grid search (IoU = 0.5)a

Parameter Result for a τ value of:
0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25b 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.5 0.6
Total number of ground truth objects 2,387 2,479 2,526 2,552 2,563 2,564 2,568 2,572 2,575 2,575
Blind spots
 Number 252 270 281 289 301 327 344 373 440 557
 Rate 0.106 0.109 0.111 0.113 0.117 0.127 0.134 0.145 0.171 0.22
Hallucinations
 Number 482 445 414 384 358 342 325 306 272 218
 Rate 0.202 0.18 0.164 0.15 0.14 0.133 0.127 0.119 0.106 0.09
Adjusted hallucinations
 Number of true hallucinations     8 10 13 14 17      
 Number misclassified     22 26 30 33 37      
 Number correct     384 348 315 295 271      
Classifications
 Number of errors 389 387 384 378 352 332 319 299 261 215
 Number correct 1,338 1,397 1,415 1,416 1,407 1,386 1,368 1,330 1,277 1,270
 Rate 0.775 0.783 0.787 0.789 0.8 0.807 0.811      
Adjusted classifications
 Number of errors     406 404 382 365 356      
 Number correct     1,799 1,764 1,722 1,681 1,639      
 Adjusted rate     0.816 0.814 0.818 0.822 0.822      
Sensitivity/recall 0.842 0.838 0.834 0.83 0.824 0.809 0.799 0.781 0.736 0.65
Adjusted sensitivity/recall     0.865 0.859 0.851 0.837 0.827      
Precision 0.606 0.627 0.639 0.65 0.665 0.673 0.68 0.687 0.697 0.71
Adjusted precision     0.808 0.804 0.807 0.809 0.807      
F 1 0.704 0.717 0.724 0.729 0.737 0.735 0.735 0.731 0.716 0.68
Adjusted F1     0.838 0.834 0.832 0.826 0.821      
a

Relevant summary statistics for false negatives (blind spots), false-positive object predictions (hallucinations), and classifications. With a posterior analysis and correction of the hallucinations, performance was recalculated and reported in the adjusted sensitivity row. True positives correspond to a correctly identified object that is also correctly classified. In an FCOS, all pixels which are not part of a bounding box and which are not predicted to be part of a bounding box are true negatives. False positives are hallucinations and incorrect classifications. False negatives are blind spots only.

b

Boldface indicates estimates of performance for the optimal value of τ = 0.25; underlining indicates the final performance after adjustments.