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. 2022 Oct 20;23(20):12643. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012643

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Anti-cancer effects of esculetin: Esculetin downregulates the IGF1/PI3K/AKT, IGF1/MAPK, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, P27, Survivin, and Bcl-2. Esculetin also inhibits cell proliferation by inhibiting the STAT3 phosphorylation and cyclin D1, D3, DK4, and DK2, leading to apoptosis and suppression of cancer. : Overexpression; : low expression; : inhibition.