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. 2022 Oct 17;23(20):12395. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012395

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Expression of biosynthesis genes in the general phenylpropanoid pathway and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. (A) Expression of the biosynthesis genes in the Col wild-type and the TmPAP2 transgenic Arabidopsis plants. RNA was isolated from 10-day-old seedlings and RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of the genes. The expression of ACT2 was used as a control. (B) Expression of the biosynthesis genes in TmPAP2 transfected protoplast. Protoplasts were isolated from the Col wild-type Arabidopsis, then the plasmid DNA of TmPAP2 or CAT control was transfected into the protoplasts; the transfected protoplasts were incubated in darkness for 20–22 h, and then the RNA was isolated and used for RT-PCR, to examine the expression of the genes. The expression of ACT2 was used as a control. (C) Expression of the biosynthesis genes in the “Buttercream” and the “Empress of India” nasturtiums. RNA was isolated from 7-day-old soil-grown seedlings, and RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of the genes. The expression of TmACT2 was used as a control.