Table 3.

Pooled prevalence, malignant transformation rate, and subgroup analysis of the initial histopathological diagnosis of CHC (CI: confidence intervals; CHC: chronic hyperplastic candidiasis; PP: pooled proportion).

	Sample Size (n)		Pooled Data		Heterogeneity
	Studies	Patients	PP (95% CI)	p-Value	phet	I2 (%)
Malignant development
	9	274	PP = 12.1% (4.3–19.8)	0.002	0.001	78.27
Subgroup analysis
Low and moderate risk of bias	6	247	PP = 9.8% (2.0–17.8)	0.014	0.001	81.98
High risk of bias	3	27	PP = 34.6% (−0.2–71.5)	0.06	0.113	54.21
Asian	2	70	PP = 6.5% (−1.5–14.5)	0.111	0.229	31.03
Non-Asian	7	204	PP = 16.3% (3.9–28.9)	0.010	0.001	82.77