Table 2. All-cause mortality risks according to CAC and other risk factors.
| Variables | Crude HR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAC | ||||
| 0 | ref | - | ref | - |
| 1–100 | 1.66 (0.97, 2.85) | 0.07 | 0.95 (0.53, 1.72) | 0.87 |
| 101–400 | 5.99 (3.18, 11.3) | <0.0001 | 1.87 (0.89, 3.90) | 0.10 |
| >400 | 11.3 (6.14, 21.0) | <0.0001 | 3.05 (1.46, 6.39) | 0.003 |
| Age, years | 1.10 (1.08–1.12) | <0.0001 | 1.07 (1.04, 1.09) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | ref | - | ref | - |
| Male | 0.77 (0.51–1.18) | 0.23 | 0.73 (0.44, 1.22) | 0.23 |
| BMI, kg/m 2 | ||||
| <18.5 | 1.27 (0.39, 4.17) | 0.70 | 1.49 (0.41, 5.45) | 0.54 |
| 18.5–23.9 | ref | - | ref | - |
| 24–26.9 | 0.81 (0.46, 1.42) | 0.47 | 0.74 (0.42, 1.32) | 0.31 |
| ≥27.0 | 0.63 (0.31, 1.30) | 0.21 | 0.52 (0.25, 1.09) | 0.08 |
| Smoking history | ||||
| No | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 1.03 (0.62, 1.70) | 0.91 | 1.45 (0.80, 2.63) | 0.22 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 4.37 (2.72–7.01) | <0.0001 | 2.41 (1.44, 4.01) | 0.0007 |
| SBP, mmHg | ||||
| <140 | ref | - | ref | - |
| ≥140 or treated | 2.68 (0.89, 8.12) | 0.08 | 1.67 (0.53, 5.28) | 0.38 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | ||||
| <200 | ref | - | ref | - |
| ≥200 or treated | 0.64 (0.41, 1.01) | 0.05 | 0.63 (0.39, 1.02) | 0.06 |
| HDL, mg/dL | ||||
| ≥40 | ref | - | ref | - |
| <40 | 1.23 (0.76, 2.01) | 0.40 | 1.28 (0.75, 2.17) | 0.37 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m 2 | ||||
| ≥60 | ref | - | ref | - |
| <60 | 7.93 (5.00, 12.6) | <0.0001 | 2.37 (1.40, 4.00) | 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||
| No | ref | - | ref | - |
| Yes | 2.46 (1.63–3.71) | <0.0001 | 1.05 (0.66, 1.66) | 0.84 |
Abbreviations: CAC, coronary artery calcium; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.