Table 4.
Virtual reality characteristics.
| Characteristic | References | Value (N=31), n (%) | ||||||
| Immersion |
|
|
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|
|
High | [49,68-71,73,77,80-82,84,85,90,91,93,95,96,99,100] | 19 (61) | |||||
|
|
Medium | N/Aa | 0 (0) | |||||
|
|
Low | [48,75,78,79,83,92,101,102,104] | 9 (29) | |||||
|
|
Both high and low | [72,74,76] | 3 (10) | |||||
| Type of HMDb |
|
|
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|
|
PC-based | [68,70,73,76,82,85,90,93] | 8 (36) | |||||
|
|
Console-based |
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
Mobile | [72,74,84] | 3 (14) | ||||
|
|
|
Standalone | [49,69,71,77,80,81,91,95,99] | 9 (41) | ||||
|
|
Unspecified | [96,100] | 2 (9) | |||||
| Content |
|
|
||||||
|
|
Virtual environments | [68,69,73,75-77,82,83] | 8 (26) | |||||
|
|
360° videos or photos | [71,72,74,80,81,84,91,92,95,96,102] | 11 (35) | |||||
|
|
Embodied virtual agents | [48,78,99,101,104] | 5 (16) | |||||
|
|
VRc video games | [79,90] | 2 (6) | |||||
|
|
Hybrid | [49,70,93,100] | 4 (13) | |||||
|
|
Unspecified | [85] | 1 (3) | |||||
| User mode |
|
|
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|
|
Single user | [48,49,68-81,84,85,90-93,95,96,99-102,104] | 29 (93) | |||||
|
|
Multiuser | [82,83] | 2 (7) | |||||
| Site of use |
|
|
||||||
|
|
Face-to-face | [49,68,70,71,73,76-78,80-82,84,85,90,92,93,96,99,100] | 19 (61) | |||||
|
|
Remotely | [48,69,74,79,83,91,95,101,102,104] | 10 (32) | |||||
|
|
Both | [72] | 1 (3) | |||||
|
|
Unspecified | [75] | 1 (3) | |||||
| Time of use (in total) |
|
|
||||||
|
|
<10 minutes | [80,81,91-93,99] | 6 (19) | |||||
|
|
11-60 minutes | [71,73,76-79,90,95,101] | 9 (29) | |||||
|
|
61-180 minutes | [72,74,83,100] | 4 (13) | |||||
|
|
>180 minutes | [48,70] | 2 (6) | |||||
|
|
Unspecified | [49,68,69,75,82,84,85,96,102,104] | 10 (32) | |||||
aN/A: not applicable.
bHMD: head-mounted display.
cVR: virtual reality.