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. 2022 Oct 20;11(20):6190. doi: 10.3390/jcm11206190

Table 1.

Direct comparison between the characteristics of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 [44].

11β-HSD1 11β-HSD2
Enzyme family SDR superfamily
Size gene 30 kb, 6 exons 6·2 kb, 5 exons
Size of the enzyme molecule 292 aa, 34 kDa 405 aa, 44 kDa
Enzyme kinetics In vitro bidirectional
Oxidation of cortisol to cortisone
(11β-dehydrogenase)
Only dehydrogenase
Reduction of cortisone to cortisol
(11-oxoreductase)
In vivo mainly reductase
High affinity Low for cortisol (Km-µM)
High for cortisone (Km-nM)
High for cortisol (Km-nM)
Cofactor NADP(H) NAD
Tissue expression Liver, brain, pancreas, adipose, lungs, gonads, bones Kidney, colon, salivary glands,
placenta
Function Supplies cortisol to GR Protects MR from cortisol