Table 3.

Summary of sensitivity and specificity values of immunological tests used for diagnosis of endemic mycoses by antigen detection.

Disease	Test	Target	Specimen	Sensitivity	Specificity	References
Histoplasmosis	RIA	100 kDa (HPA)	Urine	96.7	100	[76]
			Serum	78.7	100
	EIA	69–70 kDa	Serum	71.4	85.4	[80]
	EIA	Galactomannan	Urine	61.9–100	32–99.8	[82,83,84,85,86,87]
			Serum	92.3	99	[83]
			BAL	93.5	97.8	[84]
	EIA	Cell wall antigen	Serum	81	95	[79]
	EIA	100 kDa (HPA)	Urine	86	94	[81]
	LFA	Galactomannan	Urine	96	96	[88,89]
			Serum	92	94
Blastomycosis	EIA	Galactomannan	Urine	76–90	NE	[24]
			Serum	52–82	NE
Coccidioidomycosis	EIA	Chitinase-1	Serum	87	97	[50]
Paracoccidioidomycosis	EIA	gP43 glycoprotein	Serum	95.1	97.5	[131]
	EIA	P. brasiliensis total and filtrate antigen	Urine	75	100	[132]
	EIA	87 kDa	Serum	80.4	81.4	[130]
Talaromycosis	ID	T. marneffei yeast secretome	Serum	58.8	100	[176]
		T. marneffei filamentous secretome	Serum	87.5	NE	[176,178]
	LA	T. marneffei yeast secretome	Serum	76.5	100	[176]
		Whole-fission-form yeast of T. marneffei	Urine	100	99.3	[176,185]
	Dot-blot	Whole-fission-form yeast of T. marneffei	Urine	94.6	97.3	[176,185]
	EIA	Whole-fission-form yeast of T. marneffei	Urine	97.3	98	[176,185]
	EIA	Yeast and mycelial antigens	Serum	72–92.5	97.5–100	[176]
	EIA	Mp1p	Serum	55–75	99.4–99.6	[176,179,186]
	EIA	TM cytoplasmic yeast antigen	Serum	100	100	[176]
	LFA	TM cytoplasmic yeast antigen	Urine	87.9	100	[176]
Cryptococcosis	LA	Cryptococcal capsular antigen	Serum, CSF	94–100	86–97	[144]
	EIA	Cryptococcal capsular antigen	Serum, CSF	99	97	[142]
	LFA	Cryptococcal capsular antigen	Serum, CSF	100	97–99	[149]

RIA: radioimmunoassay; EIA: enzyme immunoassay; LFA: lateral flow assay; LA: latex agglutination; ID: immunodiffusion; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid.