Table 1.
Comparison of individual, family, and healthcare system characteristics between the GT (−) and the GT (+) groups.
| GT (−) n = 44 | GT (+) n = 71 | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual Characteristics | ||||
| Demographics | Age, years | 49 (33.8–67.3) | 47 (35.3–63.8) | 0.26 |
| Male, n (%) | 24 (54.5) | 13 (18.3) | <0.01 a | |
| Female, n (%) | 20 (45.5) | 58 (81.7) | <0.01 | |
| Index case being male, n (%) | 12 (27.3) | 8 (11.3) | 0.05 | |
| HBOC, n (%) | 40 (90.9) | 61(85.9) | 0.62 | |
| LS, n (%) | 4 (9.1) | 10 (14.1) | 0.57 b | |
| More than 12 years of education, n (%) | 25 (56.8) | 45 (63.4) | 0.61 | |
| Employed, n (%) | 27 (61.4) | 43 (60.6) | 0.99 | |
| Married or living with a partner, n (%) | 33 (75.0) | 51 (71.8) | 0.88 | |
| Clinical | Personal history of cancer, n (%) | 3 (6.8) | 20 (28.2) | 0.03 b |
| Costs | Out-of-pocket costs as barrier to medical care, n (%) | 1 (2.3) | 1 (1.4) | 0.99 b |
| Psychological | Perceived risk to get (another) cancer, median (IQR) | 6 (4.5–7.0) | 7 (5.0–8.0) | 0.14 c |
| Relatives’ degree of relationship with the index case d | FDR, n (%) | 30 (68.2) | 48 (67.6) | 0.99 |
| SDR, n (%) | 7 (15.9) | 6 (8.5) | 0.36 | |
| TDR, n (%) | 5 (11.4) | 8 (11.3) | 0.99 | |
| Family characteristics | ||||
| Adults in the family with cancer | Number of adults in the family with cancer, median (IQR) | 1 (1–1.3) | 1 (1–2) | 0.09 a |
| Adult relatives in the family potentially eligible for cascade testing | Number of relatives in the family potentially eligible for cascade testing, median (IQR) | 9.5 (5.8–14.0) | 10 (6–17) | 0.29 a |
| Relatives willing to invite more relatives to the cohort | Number of relatives willing to invite more relatives to the cohort, median (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–4) | <0.01 a |
| Adult relatives tested in the family | Number of relatives tested in the family, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–6) | <0.01 a |
| Family support | Family support in illness, median (IQR) | 6.3 (5.8–6.6) | 6.1 (5.5–6.6) | 0.61 b |
| Healthcare system characteristics | ||||
| Coordination of care by specialist, n (%) | 12 (27.3) | 36 (50.7) | 0.02 | |
| ≤2 healthcare providers organize care, n (%) | 36 (81.8) | 68 (95.8) | 0.03 | |
| Shared decision making and patient involvement, median (IQR) | 5.5 (3.5–6.9) | 6.0 (4.0–7.0) | 0.38 c | |
| Distance to the nearest genetic testing center, km, median (IQR) | 10.4 (5.6–15.6.) | 8.9 (3.2–21.8) | 0.85 c | |
| Distance to the index’s case testing center, km, median (IQR) | 27.5 (14.9–69.1) | 21.9 (3.5–63.2) | 0.32 c | |
Bold: statistically significant (<0.05); a two proportion z-test, b Wilcoxon rank sum test, c Fisher’s exact test; d for 9 relatives in the GT (+) group and 2 relatives in the GT (−) group, information about their degree of relationship to the index case was missing; IQR—inter-quartile range; FDR—first-degree relatives; SDR—second-degree relatives; TDR—third-degree relatives; km—kilometers.