| AR | augmented reality; |
| HMD | head-mounted display; |
| HRI | human–robot interaction; |
| GUI | graphical user interface; |
| PSP | pedicle screw placement; |
| VR | virtual reality. |
| AR | augmented reality; |
| HMD | head-mounted display; |
| HRI | human–robot interaction; |
| GUI | graphical user interface; |
| PSP | pedicle screw placement; |
| VR | virtual reality. |