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. 2022 Oct 19;2022:4675016. doi: 10.1155/2022/4675016

Table 2.

Antifungal activity and minimum inhibition concentrations (MIC) of essential oils extracted from seeds of J. caryophyllus (EO-JC) and the synthetic fungicide, fluconazole.

Aspergillus niger (MTCC 282) Aspergillus flavus(MTCC 9606) Fusarium oxysporum(MTCC 9913)
EO-JC Antifungal activity 50 ± 2.5%a 89 ± 2.4%b 56 ± 2.5%c
MIC (μg/mL) 2.9 ± 0.02a 5.9 ± 0.02b 2.9 ± 0.0a

Flu Antifungal activity 8.2 ± 2.0%a 0.0 ± 0.0%b 31 ± 0.58%c
MIC (μg/mL) 7.1 ± 0.0a 3.1 ± 0.0b

Means (±SD, n = 3) followed by different letters in the same row are significantly different (one-way ANOVA; followed by Tukey's multiple range test, p ≤ 0.05). EO-JC: essential oils of J. caryophyllus clove buds; Flu: fluconazole.