Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of couples with male patients undergoing TESA or PESA
| TESA (n = 240) | Non-inflammatory PESA (n = 401) | Inflammatory PESA (n = 158) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female age (years)e | 30.20 ± 4.53 | 28.93 ± 4.35 | 29.71 ± 4.45 | 0.001a |
| Female BMI (kg/m2)e | 24.03 ± 4.01 | 23.15 ± 3.50 | 23.75 ± 3.19 | 0.011b |
| Male age (years)e | 31.28 ± 5.62 | 30.22 ± 5.22 | 31.14 ± 5.48 | 0.031a |
| Male BMI (kg/m2)e | 26.40 ± 4.30 | 25.55 ± 3.71 | 25.70 ± 3.77 | 0.037b |
| Male FSH (IU/L)e,f | 4.98 (3.58, 7.48) | 4.11 (3.01, 5.96) | 4.07 (3.10, 5.32) | < 0.001b |
| Male LH (IU/L)e | 4.56 (3.50, 6.33) | 4.21 (3.26, 5.58) | 4.61 (3.23, 5.97) | 0.033a |
| Male T (ng/dL) | 387.00 (305.00, 516.52) | 396.40 (312.50, 523.30) | 415.00 (314.30, 542.50) | 0.542a |
| Female PCOS, % (n) | 20.42 (49/240) | 23.19 (93/401) | 21.52 (34/158) | 0.704c |
| Female intrauterine adhesion, % (n) | 2.08 (5/240) | 4.49 (18/401) | 1.27 (2/158) | 0.088d |
| Causes of OA | ||||
| Absence or dysplasia of seminal vesicles, % (n)e,f | 9.58 (23/240) | 22.69 (91/401) | 19.62 (31/158) | < 0.001c |
| Surgery, % (n) | 6.25 (15/240) | 2.49 (10/401) | 2.53 (4/158) | 0.034c |
| Other factors, % (n)e | 84.17 (202/240) | 74.81 (300/401) | 77.85 (123/158) | 0.021c |
Results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, median and IQR, or % (n)
IQR interquartile ranges, TESA testicular sperm aspiration, PESA percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration, ANOVA analysis of variance, BMI body mass index, FSH follicle-stimulating hormone, LH luteinizing hormone, T testosterone, PCOS polycystic ovary syndrome
P values in bold are statistically significant (<0.05)
aOne-way ANOVA
bWelch’s ANOVA
cPearson Chi-square test
dFisher's exact test
eStatistically significant differences between TESA and non-inflammatory PESA
fStatistically significant differences between TESA and inflammatory PESA