Table 2.
Mortality rates and risk according to risk factors and risk group, unadjusted and adjusted (Cox regression).
| Variable | Group | N | Mortality rate (number of events per 100 person years, 95 CI) | HR (univariate analysis; 95 CI) | HR (multivariate analysis; 95 CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Female | 16,246 | 0.90 (0.82, 0.98) | – (Reference) | – (Reference) |
| Male | 20,057 | 0.97 (0.9, 1.05) | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | |
| Age (years) | 18–49 | 25,762 | 0.22 (0.19, 0.25) | – | – |
| 50–59 | 5121 | 1.22 (1.07, 1.39) | 5.51 (4.53–6.71) | 2.59 (2.04–3.29) | |
| 60–69 | 3584 | 2.73 (2.45, 3.04) | 12.32 (10.30–14.74) | 3.97 (3.11–5.27) | |
| ≥ 70 | 1836 | 6.98 (6.33, 7.69) | 31.63 (26.59–37.62) | 6.98 (5.14–9.48) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | < 18.5 | 485 | 2.24 (1.61, 3.06) | 3.09 (2.16, 4.42) | 3.96 (2.76, 5.70) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 13,504 | 0.85 (0.77, 0.94) | 1.16 (1.00, 1.36) | 1.23 (1.05, 1.44) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 10,719 | 0.73 (0.65, 0.82) | – | – | |
| 30.0–34.9 | 3639 | 1.10 (0.93, 1.3) | 1.51 (1.23, 1.85) | 1.24 (1.00, 1.52) | |
| 35.0–39.9 | 919 | 1.08 (0.77, 1.48) | 1.48 (1.03, 2.12) | 1.19 (0.83, 1.72) | |
| ≥ 40 | 293 | 1.37 (0.8, 2.2) | 1.87 (1.07, 3.27) | 1.45 (0.82, 2.54) | |
| Missing | 6744 | ||||
| HbA1c (%) | < 7.0% | 8408 | 0.92 (0.82, 1.04) | 1.16 (0.97, 1.38) | 1.23 (1.03, 1.48) |
| 7.0–7.8% | 8692 | 0.8 (0.7, 0.9) | – | – | |
| 7.8–8.8% | 10,053 | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) | 1.17 (0.98, 1.38) | 1.18 (1.00, 1.40) | |
| 8.8–9.6% | 4230 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) | 1.25 (1.01, 1,54) | 1.40 (1.13, 1.73) | |
| ≥ 9.6% | 3995 | 1.10 (0.94, 1.29) | 1.39 (1.13, 1.72) | 1.72 (1.39, 2.13) | |
| Missing | 925 | ||||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | < 60 | 1211 | 2.78 (2.31, 3.33) | 2.44 (1.96, 3.04) | 1.10 (0.88, 1.38) |
| 60–69 | 7510 | 1.14 (1.02, 1.28) | – | – | |
| 70–79 | 13,914 | 0.78 (0.71, 0.87) | 0.69 (0.59, 0.80) | 1.10 (0.94, 1.29) | |
| 80–89 | 9377 | 0.65 (0.57, 0.74) | 0.57 (0.48, 0.68) | 1.08 (0.89, 1.30) | |
| 90–99 | 1427 | 0.85 (0.63, 1.14) | 0.75 (0.54, 1.04) | 1.62 (1.14, 2.31) | |
| 100–109 | 217 | 1.26 (0.67, 2.21) | 1.11 (0.57, 2.16) | 2.14 (1.07, 4.29) | |
| ≥ 110 | 29 | 3.42 (1.24, 8.23) | 3.02 (0.97, 9.42) | 2.92 (0.91, 9.35) | |
| Missing | 2618 | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | < 110 | 3047 | 0.77 (0.62, 0.96) | 0.81 (0.63, 1.05) | 1.82 (1.38, 2.38) |
| 110–119 | 6525 | 0.57 (0.48, 0.68) | 0.60 (0.48, 0.75) | 1.31 (1.05, 1.64) | |
| 120–129 | 10,403 | 0.59 (0.52, 0.67) | 0.62 (0.51, 0.74) | 1.00 (0.83, 1.21) | |
| 130–139 | 7611 | 0.96 (0.84, 1.08) | |||
| 140–149 | 3755 | 1.47 (1.27, 1.69) | 1.54 (1.27, 1.86) | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) | |
| 150–159 | 1351 | 1.80 (1.45, 2.21) | 1.88 (1.46, 2.42) | 0.93 (0.72, 1.20) | |
| ≥ 160 | 1036 | 3.07 (2.54, 3.69) | 3.23 (2.57, 4.07) | 1.19 (0.93, 1.53) | |
| Missing | 2575 | ||||
| History of CVD | No | 33,130 | 0.51 (0.47, 0.56) | – | – |
| Yes | 3173 | 5.60 (5.15, 6.07) | 10.91 (9.71–12.26) | 1.91 (1.66–2.20) | |
| History of heart failure | No | 35,394 | 0.71 (0.67, 0.76) | – | – |
| Yes | 909 | 11.12 (9.91, 12.44) | 15.72 (13.75–17.97) | 2.06 (1.76–2.40) | |
| Albuminuria stage | Normal | 24,419 | 0.48 (0.43, 0.53) | – | – |
| Mild | 976 | 1.21 (0.9, 1.61) | 2.53 (1.84–3.50) | 1.26 (0.91–1.74) | |
| Microalbuminuria | 2966 | 2.39 (2.1, 2.7]) | 5.00 (4.25–5.87) | 1.76 (1.48–2.09) | |
| Macroalbuminuria | 1524 | 5.14 (4.54, 5.79) | 10.80 (9.22–12.65) | 2.35 (1.92–2.87) | |
| Missing | 6418 | ||||
| eGFR stage | G1 | 18,166 | 0.38 (0.33, 0.43) | – | – |
| G2 | 9641 | 0.87 (0.77, 0.97) | 2.28 (1.92–2.71) | 0.90 (0.75–1.09) | |
| G3 | 1977 | 4.40 (3.92, 4.93) | 11.62 (9.77–13.83) | 1.47 (1.20–1.80) | |
| G4 | 368 | 9.11 (7.51, 10.98) | 24.22 (19.17–30.60) | 2.71 (2.06–3.57) | |
| G5 | 236 | 11.42 (9.11, 14.14) | 30.53 (23.53–39.63) | 3.81 (2.81–5.17) | |
| Missing | 5915 |
*Denotes the reference group.