Table 3.

Surgical outcomes (N=45 cases).

Characteristics	n/N (%) or mean ± SD or median (range)
Margins
Negative  Positive	44/45 (97.8%) 1/45 (2.2%)
Changes in lymph node staging status
Downstaging  Unchanged staging  Upstaging Blood loss (mL) Cumulative operative time (min) Postoperative hospital stay (day) ICU stay (day)	39/45 (86.7%) 4/45 (8.9%) 2/45 (4.4%) 175.0 ± 20.7 228.6 ± 31.1 13 (7–52) 1 (0–16)
Surgical complications
Anastomotic leakage  Pulmonary infection  incisional hernia  In- hospital mortality$  30- day mortality  90- day mortality	1/45 (2.2%) 3/45 (6.7%) 1/45 (2.2%) 1/45 (2.2%) 0 0

Only patients who had undergone surgical treatment were counted; ICU, intensive care unit; $ One patient died of hypovolemic shock within 24 hours after surgery.