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. 2022 Oct 13;13:1004044. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1004044

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Copyright © 2022 Gallwitz

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Overview of the biological glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) effects at the organ/tissue level (modified from (47)). The blue arrows depict relevant physiological effects.