TABLE 1.
B. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates evaluated in this studya
| Strain | Country of isolation | Biological origin | RFLP pattern | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B. afzelii | ||||
| 934U | Korea | Apodemus agrarius | D | K.-J. Hwang |
| A26S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A38S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A39S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A40S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A42S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A45aS | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A51T | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A58T | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A59T | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A76S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| A100S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | D | A. J. van Dam |
| ACA1 | Sweden | Human (skin) | D | S. Bergström |
| BO23 | Germany | Human (skin) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| DK3 | Denmark | Human (skin) | D | T. Balmelli |
| DK8 | Denmark | Human (skin) | D | T. Balmelli |
| F1 | Sweden | I. ricinus | D | S. Bergström |
| IP3 | CIS | I. persulcatus | D | S. Bergström |
| Iper | Japan | I. persulcatus | D | D. Postic |
| M7 | China | I. persulcatus | D | D. Postic |
| M55 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | D | A. van den Bogaard |
| NE28 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE29 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE30 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE35 | Switzerland | Apodemus flavicollis | nd | P. F. Humair |
| NE36 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE39 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE42 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE43 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE44 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE45 | Switzerland | C. glareolus | D | P. F. Humair |
| NE53 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | D | P. F. Humair |
| P/Sto | Germany | Human (skin) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| PGau | Germany | Human (skin) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| PKo 2-85 | Germany | Human (skin) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| Pspe | Germany | Human (CSF) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| Pwud I | Germany | Human (skin) | D | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| SMS1 | Sweden | Apodemus flavicollis | D | D. Postic |
| SO2 | United Kingdom | I. ricinus | D | S. J. Cutler |
| UM01 | Sweden | Human (skin) | D | S. Bergström |
| VS18 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | D | OL |
| VS25R-Or | Switzerland | Apodemus flavicollis | D | OL |
| VS42 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | D | OL |
| VS42R-R | Switzerland | Apodemus sylvaticus | D | OL |
| VS461 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | D | OL |
| B. andersonii | ||||
| 19952 | United States | I. dentatus | L | G. Baranton |
| 21123 | United States | I. dentatus | L | G. Baranton |
| B. bissettii | ||||
| 25015 | United States | I. scapularis | K | G. Baranton |
| CA-128 | United States | I. neotomae | J | D. Postic |
| CA-55 | United States | I. neotomae | J | D. Postic |
| DN127 | United States | I. pacificus | I | G. Baranton |
| B. burgdorferi sensu stricto | ||||
| 297 | United States | Human (CSF) | A | D. Postic |
| 13062 | Yugoslavia | I. ricinus | A | J. Wilhelm |
| 13063 | Yugoslavia | I. ricinus | A | J. Wilhelm |
| 20006 | France | I. ricinus | A | G. Baranton |
| A44S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | A1 | A. J. van Dam |
| ATCC35211 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | A. Barbour |
| B31 | United States | I. scapularis | A | W. Burgdorfer |
| BE1 | Switzerland | Human (synovial fluid) | A | J. Schmidli |
| CA-2-87 | United States | I. pacificus | A1 | D. Postic |
| CA-5 | United States | I. pacificus | A | D. Postic |
| Charlie Tick | United States | I. scapularis | A1 | G. Baranton |
| Geho | Germany | Human (skin) | A | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| HUM3336 | United States | I. pacificus | A | D. Postic |
| IP1 | France | Human (CSF) | A | G. Baranton |
| IP2 | France | Human (CSF) | A | G. Baranton |
| IP3 | France | Human (CSF) | A | G. Baranton |
| IRS | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | A. Barbour |
| IXD | United States | I. scapularis | A | W. Burgdorfer |
| M14 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | A | A. van den Bogaard |
| MAC3EMCNY86 | United States | Human (skin) | A | W. Burgdorfer |
| NE48 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | P. F. Humair |
| NE49 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A2 | L. Gern |
| NE50 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | P. F. Humair |
| NE56 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | P. F. Humair |
| PBre | Germany | Human (skin) | A | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| PKA | Germany | Human (skin) | A | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| SON328 | United States | I. pacificus | A | D. Postic |
| VS2 | United States | I. scapularis | A | OL |
| VS14 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS44 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS73 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS82 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS106 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS108 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS109 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS115 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS123 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS130 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS134 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS137 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS139 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS146 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS149 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS161 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS206 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS215 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS219 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS293 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS393 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS396 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS405 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS423 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| VS619 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS623 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A1 | OL |
| VS753 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | A | OL |
| B. garinii | ||||
| 387 | Germany | Human (CSF) | B | G. Baranton |
| 20047 | France | I. ricinus | B | G. Baranton |
| 935T | Korea | I. persulcatus | B1 | K.-J. Hwang |
| A19S | The Netherlands | Human (skin) | B2 | A. J. van Dam |
| A77C | The Netherlands | Human (CSF) | B | A. J. van Dam |
| AR-1 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | B | S. Rijpkema |
| BB153 | France | I. ricinus | B | D. Postic |
| BITS | Italy | I. ricinus | B | V. Sambri |
| FAR01 | Denmark | I. uriae | B | A. Gylfe |
| FAR02 | Denmark | I. uriae | B | A. Gylfe |
| FIS01 | Iceland | I. uriae | B | A. Gylfe |
| G25 | Sweden | I. ricinus | B | D. Postic |
| HP3 | Japan | I. persulcatus | B | D. Postic |
| Ip89 | CIS | I. persulcatus | C | G. Baranton |
| Ip90 | CIS | I. persulcatus | B | S. Bergström |
| IUB18 | Sweden | I. uriae | B1 | A. Gylfe |
| M50 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | B | A. van den Bogaard |
| M63 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | B | A. van den Bogaard |
| N34 | Germany | I. ricinus | B | G. Baranton |
| NBS16 | Sweden | I. ricinus | B1 | S. Bergström |
| NBS23a | Sweden | I. ricinus | B | S. Bergström |
| NE2 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | nd | L. Gern |
| NE11H | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | L. Gern |
| NE47 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | P. F. Humair |
| NE51 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | P. F. Humair |
| NE52 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | P. F. Humair |
| NE58 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | L. Gern |
| NE60 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | L. Gern |
| NE83 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | L. Gern |
| NE84 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | L. Gern |
| NT29 | Japan | I. persulcatus | C | G. Baranton |
| P/Bi | Germany | Human (CSF) | B | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| P/Br | Germany | Human (CSF) | B | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| PD89 | China | Human (blood) | B | D. Postic |
| Pwud II | Germany | I. ricinus | B | B. Wilske and V. Preac-Mursic |
| SIKA1 | Japan | I. ovatus | B | D. Postic |
| SIKA2 | Japan | I. persulcatus | B | D. Postic |
| SO1 | United Kingdom | I. ricinus | B | S. J. Cutler |
| T25 | Germany | I. ricinus | B | D. Postic |
| TN | Germany | I. ricinus | B | D. Postic |
| VS3 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS100 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS102 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS156 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS185 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS244 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS277 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS286 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS290 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS307 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS416 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS421 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS464 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS468 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS488 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B1 | OL |
| VS492 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B1 | OL |
| VS518 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS600 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS641 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS704 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B | OL |
| VS711 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | B1 | OL |
| VSBM | Switzerland | Human (CSF) | B | OL |
| VSBP | Switzerland | Human (CSF) | B | OL |
| VSDA | Switzerland | Human (CSF) | B1 | OL |
| B. japonica | ||||
| COW611a | Japan | I. ovatus | E | G. Baranton |
| COW611c | Japan | I. ovatus | E | G. Baranton |
| F63B | Japan | I. ovatus | E | G. Baranton |
| Fi340 | Japan | I. ovatus | E | T. Masuzawa |
| FiAE2 | Japan | Apodemus speciosus | E | T. Masuzawa |
| FiEE2 | Japan | Eothenomys smithi | E | T. Masuzawa |
| FsAE4 | Japan | Apodemus argenteus | E | T. Masuzawa |
| HO14 | Japan | I. ovatus | E | D. Postic |
| IKA2 | Japan | I. ovatus | — | D. Postic |
| O612 | Japan | I. ovatus | E | G. Baranton |
| B. lusitaniae | ||||
| BR41 | Czech Republic | I. ricinus | G | D. Postic |
| IR345 | Belorussia | I. ricinus | G | D. Postic |
| POTIB1 | Portugal | I. ricinus | G | S. Nuncio |
| POTIB2 | Portugal | I. ricinus | G | S. Nuncio |
| POTIB3 | Portugal | I. ricinus | H | S. Nuncio |
| B. valaisiana | ||||
| AG1 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | I. Heinzer |
| AR-2 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | S. Rijpkema |
| F10.8.94 | Germany | I. ricinus | F | M. M. Wittenbrink |
| Frank | Germany | I. ricinus | F | M. M. Wittenbrink |
| M7 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | A. P. van Dam |
| M19 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | A. van den Bogaard |
| M52 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | A. P. van Dam |
| M53 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | A. P. van Dam |
| M57 | The Netherlands | I. ricinus | F | A. van den Bogaard |
| NE168 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE218 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE223 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE224 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE225 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE226 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE229 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE230 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE231 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE248 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | P. F. Humair |
| NE253 | Switzerland | Turdus merula | F | P. F. Humair |
| UK | United Kingdom | I. ricinus | F | S. J. Cutler |
| VS116 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | OL |
| VS732 | Switzerland | I. ricinus | F | OL |
| Z6.11.93 | Germany | I. ricinus | F | M. M. Wittenbrink |
| H11 | Italy | Human (blood) | B | V. Sambri |
| B. anserina | United States | Ornithodorus anserina | nd | T. Schwan |
| B. coriaceae | United States | Ornithodorus coriaceae | nd | T. Schwan |
| B. hermsii | United States | Ornithodorus hermsii | nd | T. Schwan |
| B. parkeri | United States | Ornithodorus parkeri | nd | T. Schwan |
| B. turicata | United States | Ornithodorus turicata | nd | T. Schwan |
a
Abbreviations: CIS, Commonwealth of Independent States; OL, our laboratory; nd, not determined. —, no specific amplification.