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. 2022 Oct 13;9:991476. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.991476

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© 2022 Luan, Zhang, Ran, Wang, Fang, Nie, Wang and Cheng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Measurement on the coronal plane (FMA, femoral mechanical axis: a line connecting the centers of the femoral head and knee joint; CTL, condylar tangent line; BTB, border of tibial baseplate; TMA, tibial mechanical axis: a line connecting the centers of the knee joint and ankle joint; MDFA, medical distal femoral angle; MPTA, medical proximal tibial angle; HKA, medical angle between FMA and TMA).