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. 2022 Oct 13;13:929738. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929738

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Copyright © 2022 Gaudioso, Weil, Marzorati, Solovyev, Bontempo, Franciosi, Bertoldi, Pedrolli, Tuohy and Fava.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α secretion by co-cultured Caco-2 (apical side) and PBMCs (basolateral side) under LPS stimulation at baseline (0h) and after 24 h of incubation with sauerkraut brine (SK1 and SK2) or control cell culture medium (CTRL). Bar plots represent median values of median fluorescent intensity (MFI) of the Magpix^® signal, and the error bars represent standard deviation (n = 3). Note the different scales on the y-axis. Different superscript letters indicate statistically significant differences within each cytokine.