Figure 4.

Clustering of essential oils based on monoterpene and sesquiterpene contents and their relation to antiviral activity. (A). Cytopathic effect (CPE: %) of DENV-2 in Vero cells, EOs identifiers in Table 1. The dashed line indicates the CPE threshold for further clustering analysis, only EOs with CPE ≤ 60 (dark gray bars) were included. (B). Clustering configuration of selected EOs in A using a 2 × 2 self-organized map. Three non-empty clusters were obtained. The number inside each cluster indicates the number of EOs it contains. (C). Left, heat map representing the chemical composition of clusters 1 (upper row), 2 (middle row), and 3 (lower row). Right, mean CPE of each cluster indicating statistical differences between clusters 1 and 3 (* One-way ANOVA: F_2,9 = 6.6092, p = 0.023, post hoc Tukey-Kramer test p = 0.026).