Figure 1.

Togaviridae family. Genome structure of Alphavirus and nsP3 non-structural protein domains (the macro domain, the alphavirus unique domain (AUD) and the hypervariable region (HVD). The genome organization can be summarized as 5′m⁷G Nonstructural ORF-(junction)-Structural ORF-An3′, in which two open reading frames (ORFs) are present. The non-structural ORF (NS-ORF) encodes the four non-structural proteins (nsP1-nsP4) which are required for replication. The structural ORF, produced by a subgenomic mRNA, encodes the structural proteins in the viral particle (C, E3, E2, 6K/TF, E1). The genomic RNA with noncoding regions is represented as solid black lines and ORFs as open boxes. Based on Götte et al. (2018) [24] and created with BioRender.com (Accessed on 14 September 2022).