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. 2022 Oct 27:1–16. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10668-022-02722-8

Table 5.

Civil Society indicators—information capital

Variable Meaning Unit Source
S_1 Human development index Score (0–1) GE
S_2 Gross expenditure on R&D, % GDP % GII
S_3 Life expectancy Value OECD
S_4 Social progress index Index SPI
S_5 Human Capital Index (HCI) (scale 0–1) Score (0–1) WBI
S_6 Individuals using Internet % % WBI
S_7 Current health expenditure (% of GDP) % WBI
S_8 Females employed with advanced degrees, % % WBI

GE: the Global Economy, GII: Global Innovation Index, OECD: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, SPI: Social Progress Index, WBI: World Bank Indicators