Table 1.
Clinical features of COVID-GBS patients
| Data (n = 38) | Value |
|---|---|
| Age at onset | 60.7 years |
| Male | 89.4% |
| COVID-19 swab test positivity | 33/38 |
| Time interval COVID-19 and GBS | 15.1 days |
| Symptoms | |
| Lower limbs paresis | 73.7% |
| Involvement of upper limbs | 55.3% |
| Tetraparesis | 31.6% |
| Facial nerve involvement | 55.3% |
| Sensory loss and paresthesia | 36.8 |
| Hypo-areflexia | 100% |
| Miller-Fisher syndrome | 5.26% |
| COVID-19 | |
| Severe | 68.4% |
| Mild/moderate | 31.6% |
| CSF (n = 18) | |
| Albuminocytological dissociation | 71.4% |
| SARS-COV-2 negative | 15/15 |
| Electrophysiological findings | 33/38 |
| Reduced nerve conduction velocity (NCV) | 65.7% |
| Altered/absent F-wave | 82.8% |
| Increased distal latency | 60% |
| Conduction blocks | 5.2% |
| Diagnosis | |
| Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) | 81.8% |
| Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) | 12.1% |
| Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) | 6.0% |
| MRI lumbosacral spinal cord with gadolinium | |
| Increase in size of lumbosacral roots | 2/14 |
| Treatment | |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) | 29/38 |
| Plasma exchange (PE) | 2/38 |
| IVIg and plasma exchange | 2/38 |
| Untreated | 5/38 |
| Clinical course at follow-up | |
| Favorable | 76.3% |
| Stable | 10.5% |
| Worsening | 13.2% |
| Death | 8.1% |
| Respiratory involvement | |
| Orotracheal intubation and invasive ventilation | 52.6% |
| COVID-19 consequences | |
| No detectable pulmonary complications | 26.3% |
| Minor pulmonary complications | 21% |
| Severe with a bilateral pulmonary involvement with respiratory distress | 52.6% |
| Used therapy | |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 63.1% |
| Tocilizumab | 15.8% |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | 18.4% |
| Azathioprine | 5.3% |
| Steroids | 44.7% |
| Prophylactic anticoagulant with LMWH | 84.2% |
GBS, Guillan-Barrè syndrome; LMWH, low-molecular weight heparin